藥物濫用青少年的用藥行為及與藥物濫用行為有關之個人及家庭因素

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Title:	藥物濫用青少年的用藥行為及與藥物濫用行為有關之個人及家庭因素
Authors:	鄭翔仁;Hsiang-Jen Cheng
Contributors:	中國醫藥大學：環境醫學研究所碩士班
Keywords:	青少年;藥物濫用;物質使用;品行疾患;受暴經驗;adolescent;drug abuse;substance use;conduct disorder;victimization
Date:	2006-06-14
Issue Date:	2009-08-11 16:56:40 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	摘要目的：本研究以個案對照的研究方式，探討青少年藥物濫用行為的相關因素，尤其是個人及家庭層面的因素；並瞭解青少年藥物濫用行為的現況。方法：以12至19歲的青少年為研究對象，個案組的來源為2005年7至10月間因非法藥物使用而被收容於台灣西岸11間少觀所附設觀察勒戒處所、台中少年戒治所、新竹和高雄兩間矯正學校及桃園和彰化少輔院等矯治機構的青少年，共計151位。而對照組是自個案選取所在地的高中隨機選取一所，以頻率匹配和1:2至1:2.5的比例，立意選出在校高中生為對照組，共計374位。以自填問卷的調查方式，蒐集青少年藥物濫用行為的現況及與藥物濫用行為有關的因素之資料如家庭的型態或社經地位、父母管教方式或家人的物質使用行為等家庭動力因素、個人心理因素與學業成績或菸酒檳榔的使用行為等。結果：青少年使用的成癮藥物以安非他命居首(69.54%)，其次為k他命(52.98%)和搖頭丸(43.05%)。使用的原因多數是好奇佔八成，來源以朋友為主亦有八成多。經複邏輯斯迴歸分析發現影響藥物濫用行為的相關因素如下：解構的家庭型態(OR=4.76)、家庭社經地位(相對於高階地位，中低階者OR值為2.93，低階者OR值為8.22)、家人每天給的零用錢多於500元(相對於少於501元OR=6.64)、家人有嚼食檳榔(OR=2.24)、較低學習成就(相對於優等成績，中等者OR值為4.19，劣等者OR值為8.42)，遭遇性暴力的經驗(OR=3.52)、有品行疾患(OR=2.77)。藥物濫用行為與菸酒檳榔物質的使用行為有著很高的共存關係，即在藥物濫用的青少年中菸酒檳榔三種物質皆有使用者的比率高達61.59%，但未使用任何一種者的比率僅有5.3%。結論：青少年的藥物濫用問題已成為台灣的社會問題，除了積極緝毒外，規劃完整而多元的防治計畫以降低個人及家庭的危險因素是目前有關單位刻不容緩的要務。 Abstract Objectives: The purposes of this case-control study were to investigate illegal drug use and to examine the individual and family factors for drug abuse behavior among adolescents. Methods: We conducted a case-control study and used purposive sampling method obtaining an analytical sample of 525 aged from 12 to 19, including 151 for case group and 374 for control group. Adolescents who used illegal drug during July to October in 2005 and detained in the Correctional Agencies of Ministry of Justice, including 11 Juvenile Detention Houses in Western Taiwan, 1 Juvenile Drug Abuser Treatment Center, 2 Juvenile Correctional High Schools, and 2 Juvenile Reform Schools were recruited as case group. The control group was consisted of 374 school students from 11 Juvenile Detention House areas of high schools in western Taiwan frequency matching to the case group and sampling more than 2 to 2.5 folds. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect information on the behavior of drug abuse and its correlates including family structure and social economic status, family dynamic factors such as family caring and substance use, individual psychological factors and learning achievement, and individual substance use. Results: The results were as follows: 1)Amphetamine was the most popular illicit drug among adolescents, and the next were ketamine and MDMA. 2)The primary reason using drug were curious and drug source was almost from peer group. 3)The significant family correlates included broken family(OR=4.76), family social-economic status(OR=2.93 for low-medium level and OR=8.22 for low level based on high level), daily pocket money given by family(OR=6.64 for equal or more than 501 dollars), and family chewing betel nut(OR=2.24). 4)The individual correlates were learning achievement(OR=4.19 for medium-grade and OR=8.42 for low-grade based on high-grade), being sex victim(OR=3.52), and conduct disorder(OR=2.77). 5)This study also found high correlation between 3 substance such as smoking, drinking, chewing betel nut and drug use. The proportion of using above 3 substance was 61.59% on drug abuse adolescents while only 5.3% on no drug abuse ones. Conclusion: This study suggested that we should not only taken effort on the prevention for drug abuse on adolescents through individual and family level but operated drug treatment program with cigarette, alcohol, and betel treatment.
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