醫院工作人員對器官捐贈暨移植的態度與捐贈意願之探討

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Title:	醫院工作人員對器官捐贈暨移植的態度與捐贈意願之探討
Authors:	賴雅惠;Ya-Hui Lai
Contributors:	中國醫藥大學：環境醫學研究所
Keywords:	醫療廢棄物;高溫高壓滅菌法;快速判讀生物指示劑;菌落數檢測;medical waste;steam sterilization;rapid readout biological indicator;heterotrophic plant count
Date:	2007-06-08
Issue Date:	2009-08-11 16:56:18 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	根據統計每年有近八千人在等待器官移植，而2007年實際屍體捐贈人數僅151人，無法滿足實際需要。然而醫院工作人員是最容易接觸到潛在的器官捐贈者或受贈者，因此，本研究目的為了解醫院工作人員個人基本特性與相關經驗對器官捐贈暨移植的態度與捐贈意願之影響，並分析比較醫學中心、區域醫院與地區醫院其醫院工作人員在器官捐贈暨移植態度與捐贈意願之差異性。本研究對象為醫院工作人員，以飽和取樣納入，並以立意選樣方式挑選三家醫院發放問卷，本研究工具為自編結構式自填問卷，以集體送收之方式收集資料，運用統計分析了解醫院工作人員之態度與捐贈意願。共計回收2497份有效問卷，回收率為81.15%。基本特性中，以女性、20-25歲、未婚、工作職務以護理人員佔居多，其次為非醫事人員，第三為醫師，最少為醫事人員；器官捐贈相關經驗中，有53.78%有捐血習慣，有11.65%的人有填寫器官捐贈同意卡。其中年齡、教育程度、宗教信仰、現任職務、服務於急診科別、工作年資、醫院層級越高、有捐血習慣、知道器官捐贈同意卡、有填寫器官捐贈同意卡、親友曾為器官捐贈或受贈者與參與器官捐贈相關工作之醫院工作人員對器官捐贈暨移植的態度與捐贈意願有顯著的差異；整體而言，器官捐贈暨移植態度、填寫器官捐贈同意卡、親友曾有捐受贈經驗與工作職務為影響其捐贈意願之重要預測變項。建議可針對醫院工作人員提供器官捐贈暨移植之相關教育訓練與宣導，以提升其器官捐贈暨移植的正向態度，進而增加捐贈意願，相對地進一步影響民眾的器官捐贈態度及意願。 Objective: Our objective did justice to the attitude and the willingness of hospital personnel which basic characteristic and experience is influence on organ donation and transplantation. To analyze the attitude and the willingness of hospital personnel on organ donation and transplantation in different level hospital. Materials and Methods: A saturated sampling was among workers in hospital services. An evaluation was made of attitudes and willingness toward donation using a self arrange for structural questionnaire. The researcher sent 2,874 questionnaires out, and 2,497 questionnaires were responded, the returned rate is 81.15%. Results: There was a significant difference between those attitude and the willingness of workers on organ donation and transplantation who will be of use and the following factors: order age; education level; religious belief; job category; a worker in emergency services; period of service; higher level of hospital; had donated blood behavior; know donor card; had donor card; family had be a donor or recipient; and a worker attended relationship on organ donation and transplantation services. Additionally, attitude of organ donation and transplantation, fill out donor card, family had be a donor or recipient and job category are important forecast factors which influence willingness on organ donation. Conclusions: A training course about organ donation and transplantation might be useful given that workers would be prepared to take part and with respect to the conception. It’s main use would be to reinforce the positive attitude of hospital personnel and increase their knowledge about the subject and their willingness. What is more, if these workers received adequate training they would serve to promote donation both directly and indirectly to the general public and other hospital personnel.
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