Retrospective analysis of case-control studies when the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

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Title:	Retrospective analysis of case-control studies when the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
Authors:	鄭光甫;(W. J. Lin)
Contributors:	公共衛生學院公共衛生學系
Keywords:	case-control study;Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium;logistic regression;maximum likelihood estimate;odds ratio;retrospective model
Date:	2005-11
Issue Date:	2009-08-19 16:48:11 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	Association analysis of genetic polymorphisms has been mostly performed in a case-control setting in connection with the traditional logistic regression analysis. However, in a case-control study, subjects are recruited according to their disease status and their past exposures are determined. Thus the natural model for making inference is the retrospective model. In this paper, we discuss some retrospective models and give maximum likelihood estimators of exposure effects and estimators of asymptotic variances, when the frequency distribution of exposures in controls contains information about the parameters of interest. Two situations about the control population are considered in this paper: (a) the control population or its subpopulations are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium; and (b) genetic and environmental factors are independent in the control population. Using the concept of asymptotic relative efficiency, we shall show the precision advantages of such retrospective analysis over the traditional prospective analysis. Maximum likelihood estimates and variance estimates under retrospective models are simple in computation and thus can be applied in many practical applications. We present one real example to illustrate our methods.
Relation:	STATISTICS IN MEDICINE 24(21):3289~3310
Appears in Collections:	[Department of Public Health] Journal articles

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