不同媒介及指導方法運用於老人衛教之成效分析及老人特質與衛教配合之研究—以高血脂症為例

中國醫藥大學機構典藏 China Medical University Repository, Taiwan > 公共衛生學院 > 醫務管理學系暨碩士班 > 研究計畫 > Item 310903500/11348

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題名:	不同媒介及指導方法運用於老人衛教之成效分析及老人特質與衛教配合之研究—以高血脂症為例
作者:	馬作鏹(Tsochiang Ma);林正介(Lin,Cheng-Chieh);劉秋松(Liu,Chiu-Shong);郭憲文(Kuo,Hsien-Wen)
貢獻者:	公共衛生學院醫務管理學系
關鍵詞:	成本效益分析;衛教病患之配合;健康知覺;病人衛教;老人;高血脂症;Cost-effectiveness analysis;Education-patient matching;Health perception;Elderly;Patient education;Hyperlipidemia
日期:	2002-12-31
上傳時間:	2009-09-01 15:10:42 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本研究以在老人健檢中被檢驗出為高血脂且有意願接受衛教之病患，分配至控制組及不同的實驗組中，針對其個人健康知覺、疾病知識、態度及行為，衛教介入前後的問卷調查，進行各衛教媒介及指導方式的成本效益比較，並配合老人特質與不同的衛教媒介與指導方式，找出各種衛教最適合何種特質之老人。結果顯示，不同衛教方式介入後，在認知、態度及行為上的改變，以認知的改進最多，其次為行為，最後為態度。就各構面之改進情形，顯示利用錄音帶及錄影帶單獨使用或輔以電話追蹤，針對65歲以上高血脂老人之衛教方式是可行的。而在施行衛生教育介入時認知、態度及行為三構面中，彼此間的關係：態度會直接影響行為，而認知則是透過態度的改變，間接影響行為，因此在實行衛生教育或制定相關衛生教育教材時，應以改變病患之認知為首要條件。此外，在認知改進的病患特質方面，第五組及第六組並無法分辨何種特質者，在衛教介入後認知的改變較佳。在衛教第一組(控制組)中，建議已有家族慢性病史且教育程度為小學者，可使用本方法；在衛教第二組中(實驗組一)，則建議女性可採用此種衛教方式。在衛教第三組中(實驗組二)，建議未接受過衛教、並非獨居者且有喝酒習慣者，採用此種衛教方式。在衛教第四組中(實驗組三)，建議個案老化程度在9分以下者(包含9分)，可採用此組，增進認知改進程度。在衛教第七組中，以自覺視力好及非常好者(得分大於3分)，在此組之衛教認知改進效果最好，因此建議此種特質之病患，採用此種方式。在衛教第八組中，以BMI值小於19.91者之衛教認知改進效果最好。未來在衛生教育及教材之選擇上，應以改進認知程度為首要條件，而使用錄影帶或錄音帶的衛教方式是值得推廣的。 Objective. To access the effects of eight different mediums utilized to educate elderly with high cholesterol. Patient treatment matching technical was also used to identify the character ices of patients having the best results for each medium. Data sources. Total 1,247 samples were collected from middle Taiwan including one academic medical center, two metropolitan hospitals and two local community hospitals. Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding high cholesterol were evaluated pre and post intervention. Principal finding. Our study revealed that different teaching mediums show different performances in improving Knowledge. Audiotape accompying with telephone consultation has the best improvement in Knowledge regarding high cholesterol while rolling other independ variables were controlled including age, education, marriage status, family history, alcohol utilization, knowledge before intervention, sex, employee status smoking, body mas index, self-perceived audition, eyesight, and health perception. In addition, we found that elderly with family history of CAD and low education level (sixth grade and under) had the best result in using pamphlet. Among elderly assigned group education, femal had better performance than others. In group discussion, alcoholic elderly who living alone, never taking health education program had significant better performance than others. Measured by MSQ (Mental Status Questionnaire), elderly with score under 9 had the best performance among patients who teached by using audiotape. Finally, elderly who has better self-perceived eyesight performed successfully among patients teached by vedio-tape accomping with telephone consultation. Conclusion: Although our study found that for elderly with age 65 and above, audiotape accomping with telephone consultation generally are suitable health education medium, appropriated health education medium should be selected based on patient？H？Hs characteristics.
顯示於類別:	[醫務管理學系暨碩士班] 研究計畫

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