| 摘要: | 中文摘要
目的：本研究係探討台灣地區獲得世界衛生組織（WHO）認證之健康促進醫院(Health Promoting Hospital, HPH)，其健康組織效能與員工特質對健康促進生活型態的影響評估與關鍵因素之探討。希望能瞭解認證醫院員工之健康促進生活型態現況，及是否在組織層面能發揮健康促進之效能，並探討關鍵影響因素及提出檢討建議，期能提供我國健康促進醫院未來發展之參考。
方法：本研究以台灣地區北、中、南部首批獲得WHO網路認證之三家健康促進醫院員工為研究母群，針對有關醫院健康組織與員工健康促進生活型態，進行橫斷式調查，研究對象為個案醫院之醫師、護理人員、醫技人員及行政人員，利用自填式結構問卷進行資料收集，問卷內容包括員工人口學變項與健康行為自我效能、自覺健康狀態、健康促進生活型態及醫院健康組織效能等變項，共發出1200份問卷，有效回收問卷781份，回收率為65 %。統計方法包含次數、百分率、平均值、標準差、單因子變異數分析、比較獨立樣本 t 檢定、Scheffe事後檢定，pearson 積差相關、複迴歸分析等。
結果：研究發現員工傾向「同意」醫院健康組織有助於其健康促進之成效，其中以「物理環境」構面表現最佳，「健康資源」構面最低。而員工認同以「時常如此」來達成健康促進生活型態，以「人際支持」構面表現最佳；「健康責任」構面最低。進一步以複迴歸分析，影響員工健康促進生活型態之主要因素為「健康行為自我效能」、「性別」、「自覺目前健康狀態」、「單位屬性」、「教育程度」等5項，其中尤以「健康行為自我效能」部分佔41 %，為其中最關鍵因素。
結論與建議：健康促進醫院組織效能雖非其員工健康促進生活型態之主要影響因素，但仍發揮員工健康促進之正向作用，另員工之健康促進生活型態亦僅達中等程度，故醫院如能整合員工之身體、心理、社會三個主要健康促進構面功能，善用員工之高度健康行為自我效能優勢，有效導入符合員工所需之健康促進方案，對於員工建立健康促進生活型態及醫院全面推動健康促進管理模式，應可發揮更大助益。
關鍵字：健康促進生活型態、健康行為自我效能、健康促進醫院
ABSTRACT
Objectives: This exploratory study tried to identify major factors of WHO accredited Health Promoting Hospital (HPH) as well as employees’ demographics affect on employees’ health promoting life style.
Method: This study includes three accredited HPH one in north, one in central and in south Taiwan as case study hospitals. We sent out 1200 questionnaires to physicians, nurses, allied professionals and administrative employees in three hospitals, The survey includes employees’ demographics variables, health behavior self-efficacy, health status, health promoting life style, and health promoting hospital effectiveness The survey response rate is 65%. The data analysis includes frequency, mean, standard deviation, one way ANOVA, t-test, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis.
Results：Most responders agreed HPH had positive effects on their health Promotion. Among HPH dimensions, physical environment has the highest effect, and health resource has the lowest effect. Among health promoting life style dimensions, family and social support has the highest effect and health responsibility has the lowest score. We found health behavior self-efficacy, gender, perceived health status, work unit, and education have significant effect on health promoting life style using multiple regression analysis. Health behavior self-efficacy is the single most important factor. It accounts for 41% of the variation.
Conclusions and Suggestions：Even through health promoting hospitals are not major factor in employees’ healthy life style but still have positive impact. Hospital should integrate physical, mental, and social dimensions as well as individual healthy behavior self-efficacy to effective improve employees’ healthy life style.
Key Words: Health Promoting Life Style, Health Behavior Self-Efficacy, Health Promoting Hospital. |
