父母對於青少女接種人類乳突病毒疫苗接受度與影響因素探討; Factors Associated with Parental Acceptance of Adolescent Human Papillomavirus Vaccination

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題名:	父母對於青少女接種人類乳突病毒疫苗接受度與影響因素探討;Factors Associated with Parental Acceptance of Adolescent Human Papillomavirus Vaccination
作者:	林敬旺;Jing-Wang Lin
貢獻者:	醫務管理學系碩士在職專班
關鍵詞:	人類;乳突病毒疫苗;子宮頸癌;健康信念;模式;疫苗接種;青少女;父母接受度;Human papillomavirus vaccines;Cervical cancer;Health belief model;Vaccination;Adolescent;Parental acceptance
日期:	2008-06-04
上傳時間:	2009-08-12 16:21:58 (UTC+8)
摘要:	背景與目的：人類乳突病毒(Human Papillomavirus, HPV)，已經被證實是子宮頸癌的致病因子，子宮頸癌是台灣女性最常發生的癌症之一，隨著相關疫苗的研發上市，接種人類乳突病毒疫苗成為防治子宮頸癌的新選項。國中女生是最適合接種疫苗的目標群體，父母的接受度是影響接種率的關鍵。本研究目的在於探索父母對於女兒接種人類乳突病毒疫苗之接受度，及其相關影響因素。方法：本研究為全國性調查，以健康信念模式為理論架構，以國中女生的父母為研究對象，採用分層集群抽樣方式，透過學校發放結構式問卷，共回收問卷1369份（回收率92.1%），除描述性統計與卡方檢定外，並使用逐步羅吉斯迴歸分析探討影響接種疫苗接受度之因素。結果：研究主要發現如下：（1）雖然有78%的父母曾聽過子宮頸癌疫苗，但是只有47.3%的父母聽過人類乳突病毒，而且對於相關知識的認知不足；（2）父母讓女兒接種疫苗的意願很高，90.6％的人願意免費接種，但受到經濟障礙因素的影響，只有49.4％的人願意自費接種；（3）歸納羅吉斯迴歸結果發現影響父母對疫苗接受度的相關因素為「經濟面因素」、「疫苗安全性及效用」及「與性行為相關的顧慮」。結論與建議：父母對人類乳突病毒相關知識普遍不足。若能排除經濟因素與疫苗的安全性及效用等顧慮，應能提高父母讓子女接種人類乳突病毒疫苗的意願。根據本研究結果，就子宮頸癌防治方向提供主管機關以下建議：（1）加強民眾對人類乳突病毒知識及疫苗安全性的衛教；（2）推廣「人類乳突病毒篩檢」；（3）將人類乳突病毒HPV疫苗列入公費疫苗，讓青少女常規接種。以期能收到預防人類乳突病毒感染及早期偵測罹患子宮頸癌風險的效果，進而達成子宮頸癌防治的目標。未來子宮頸癌防治政策的規劃制定，尚需更多有關「人類乳突病毒疫苗成本效益分析」與「疫苗效用與安全性」等後續研究來佐證。 Backgrounds & Objectives: Human Papillomavirus ( HPV ) has been verified as the pathogenic factors of cervical cancer which is one of the most common cancers among women in Taiwan. In path with related vaccines sequentially entering the markets, HPV vaccines have become new alternatives or options available for preventing cervical cancers. As junior high school girl students being the best adaptable to the vaccinations, parental acceptance is found crucial in affecting vaccination rate. This research aims to explore parental acceptance of HPV vaccination and to identify factors associated with parental acceptance. Methods: This nationwide survey was based on theoretical frame of Health Belief Model, and targeted parents of junior high school girl students, and used a stratified clustered sampling method. This study employed structured questionnaires through schools by inviting a total of 1369 respondents (response rate 92.1%). In addition to conduct descriptive statistics and chi-square test, this study applied stepwise logistic regression analysis to explore factors associated with acceptance of vaccinations. Results: Main findings of this research are as below: (1) 78% parents have ever heard of cervical cancer vaccines, while only 47.3% parents have learned of HPV, which indicates they being remained in cognitive deficit with related knowledge; (2) parents are highly willing to have their daughters vaccinated, and 90.6% appear willing to receive free vaccinations, while only 49.4% agree to pay fees due to economic obstacles; and (3) results of logistic regression reveal that factors associated with parental acceptance of vaccinations are economic facets, safety and efficacy of vaccines, and scruples about sexual behaviors. Conclusions and recommendations: Parents commonly have insufficient knowledge of HPV. If economic factors or scruples about safety or efficacy were excluded, parental acceptance of their daughters having HPV vaccines might be enhanced. The results of this research lead to suggestions for authorities concerned as follows: (1) the health education about knowledge of HPV be reinforced and safety of vaccines be secured; (2) HPV screening be promoted; (3) charges of adolescent HPV vaccinations be at government expenses, so as to prevent HPV infections, to earlier detect risks of being affected with cervical cancers. This research also invites future policy schemes for preventions of cervical cancers, analyses of cost-effectiveness, as well as of efficacy and safety of vaccines for further studies.
顯示於類別:	[醫務管理學系暨碩士班] 博碩士論文

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