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    題名: 合成皮業混合有機溶劑重複浸透化學防護手套之研究;Mixtures re-permeation through protective gloves in synthetic leather industry
    作者: 湯屏玉;Ping-Yu Tang
    貢獻者: 中國醫藥大學:職業安全衛生學系碩士班
    關鍵詞: 二甲基甲醯胺;穩定浸透速率;破出時間;溶解度參數;N,N-Dimethylformamide;steady state permeation rate;breakthrough time;solubility parameter
    日期: 2009-07-09
    上傳時間: 2009-08-12 15:21:09 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 本研究以合成皮製程所使用之丁酮(Methyl ethyl ketone, MEK)及二甲基甲醯胺(N,N-Dimethylformamide, DMF)為研究對象,利用ASTM F739浸透測試腔探討不同採集介質,對於氯丁橡膠(neoprene)手套之破出時間與浸透速率的影響,並評估加熱脫附對防護手套除污(decontamination)之效果。浸透試驗分別以去離子水、甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇及丙酮作為密閉式迴路之採集介質,取樣後直接注入氣相層析儀(GC/FID)分析;結果發現不論是DMF或MEK之破出時間及浸透係數,五種採集介質皆達統計上顯著差異(p<0.05),其中甲醇為較適當之採集介質。
    DMF及MEK單一溶劑於防護手套之破出時間及浸透係數,DMF之破出時間皆比MEK長,且其浸透係數皆較MEK小,顯示氯丁橡膠手套對DMF的防護效果較MEK佳。本研究發現當溶劑與聚合物的溶解度參數愈接近,則溶劑易浸透聚合物手套;此外,DMF及MEK混合溶劑之浸透現象,可由其單一純物質之測試結果進行推估,並藉由溶解度參數理論解釋其破出時間之變化。
    重複浸透試驗以甲醇作為採集介質,探討氯丁橡膠手套經清洗及熱脫附除污處理後,對DMF及MEK混合溶劑重複五次之抗浸透性變化。結果發現DMF/MEK混合溶劑重複浸透氯丁橡膠手套後,雖然穩定浸透速率無增加趨勢,但其破出時間提早而增加勞工皮膚之暴露危害。而加熱除污後之結果發現,高溫除污僅需短時間加熱即可有良好的效果。此外,本研究以手套經水洗於25℃室溫晾乾之實驗條件,模擬勞工一般常使用的除污方式;相較於全新手套,雖然DMF及MEK之浸透係數均減少,但是平均破出時間分別提前至75%與70%。以25℃室溫晾乾,其平均相對破出時間普遍低於其他加熱除污之結果;因此,重複使用防護手套,僅以晾乾作為除污方法,其效果較加熱除污差。

    Workers of synthetic leather industries may be exposed to the mixture solvents, such as N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and methyl ethylketone (MEK). DMF has been considered as a readily skin-absorbed chemical in literature. The object of this study was to investigate the permeation of DMF/MEK through the re-exposed neoprene gloves using decontamination methods. Deionized water, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol and acetone were the collection medium and flowed through the closed-loop system of ASTM F739 cells. The concentrations of DMF/MEK in the collection medium were analyzed using GC/FID. The permeation rates and breakthrough time for DMF/MEK were statistically significant (p<0.05) for test collection medium. As conducting the permeation test, it should be noted to determine the collection medium. The results of DMF/MEK mixtures can be interpreted using the solubility parameter theory. The glove materials were tested as received and after exposures to DMF/MEK for five times. The steady state permeation rates were not significantly different, but the breakthrough time was shorter than the first test. The result of decontamination experiments showed that the used protective gloves heated at a higher temperature can be an appropriate decontaminated method.
    顯示於類別:[職業安全與衛生學系暨碩士班] 博碩士論文

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