| 摘要: | 靈芝是一種傳統藥用蕈類，作為保健食品且具延年益壽之功效，在亞洲各國已食用數千年之久。由於靈芝具有許多生物活性，包含抗癌、血糖調節、抗氧化、抗菌、抗病毒以及護肝健胃等，因此，其相關成份與活性至今仍持續引發興趣。在台灣，赤芝和松杉靈芝被當作保健食品的兩大靈芝品種，然而，松杉靈芝的成份和相關生物活性的研究仍遠不如赤芝，因此，本研究選擇松杉靈芝當作實驗材料來分析抗癌活性的成份。首先將松杉靈芝的粉末以酒精萃取，其萃取物再用乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水進行分配分層，然後利用實驗室已建立之SKOV-3卵巢癌細胞株模式系統測試抗癌作用，發現在乙酸乙酯層中最為有效，進而利用管柱層析得出88個分離層，初步由其中選出三個分離層進行細部分離及核磁共振光譜儀分析，最後得出下列四個化合物，其結構證實為oleic acid & linoleic acid,ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol和cis-6,cis-9-octadecadienoic acid ethyl ester，其中ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol為固醇類，且為已知28個松杉靈芝成份之一，並對SKOV-3卵巢癌具有生長抑制的作用。本研究提供未來深入分離松杉靈芝成份之參考基礎。
Ganoderma is known to be a medicinal fungus for several thousand years in Asia. Due to the multiple effects of Ganoderma, including anticancer, blood glucose regulation, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral effect as well as protection against liver and gastric injury, it still attracts many researchers to study its chemical composition, cultivation, and bioactivity worldwide. G. lucidum and G. tsugae are the two major species of Ganoderma and commonly used as dietary supplements in Taiwan. However, more studies on G. lucidum, instead of G. tsugae, were reported in the literature. Therefore, we selected G. tsugae as study material to unravel the ingredients responsible for anticancer activities. To this purpose, the powder of G. tsugae was extracted with ethanol and the extract was suspended in water, followed by partitioning against ethyl acetate, n-butanol to give GT-EA, GT-Bu and GT-Aq layers sequentially. By using MTT assay, the GT-EA layer was found to be the most effective layer against cancer growth. The GT-EA layer was further fractionated and resulted in 88 sub-fractions. Among the 88 sub-fractions, 3 fractions were further separated by chromatography and analyzed by NMR. Finally, the following 4 compounds, ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol, oleic acid & linoleic acid, and cis-6,cis-9-octadecadienoic acid ethyl ester, were verified. Ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol is a sterol, which is one of the known 28 components of G. tsugae, demonstrates an anti-cancer effect. This study provides a reference basis for the future separation of G. tsugae ingredients. |
