| 摘要: | 胡黃連為玄參科(Scrophulariaceae)植物西藏胡黃連Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell 及胡黃連Picrorhiza kurroa Royle之乾燥根莖。具有退虛火、消疳熱、清熱燥濕、瀉火解毒的功效。
經初步調查發現臺灣市售胡黃連藥材，有誤用與混用之情形。在《中藥材真偽鑑定》一書中有提及使用毛茛科植物鐵破鑼經染色後偽充，為了確保臨床用藥的安全及療效，本研究赴臺灣北、中、南、東各地中藥行及青草店收集真偽胡黃連藥材共20批，進行藥材之外觀性狀鑑別、品質管制(顯微鑑別、化學規格、薄層層析、高效液相層析)、活性測試（抗氧化活性測試、抗氧化成分含量）、等實驗。
實驗結果顯示，藥材的外觀，胡黃連上端密被暗棕色鱗狀片狀的葉柄殘基，有4～10個白色點狀維管束，排列成環。鐵破鑼斷面黃棕色, 中柱維管束12～18個，多的可達23個，排列成環。；高效液相層析指標成分測定，正品胡黃連含有胡黃連?Ⅰ及胡黃連?Ⅱ成分，偽品鐵破鑼與市面上買到的不知名偽品則不含有此兩種成分。
藉由本研究，可了解台灣市售胡黃連及之基原及品質差異性，以此作為鑑別胡黃連藥材品質評估之參考。
Picrorhizae Rhizome (Scrophulariaceae) plant for Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell and Picrorhiza kurroa Royle dry rhizome. With retreat deficiency fire, relieve (infantile) malnutrition fever, clear heat and dry dampness, purge fire detoxify effect.
After a preliminary investigation found that is misuse and mixed with the situation in Taiwan's market sales of Picrorhizae Rhizome herbs. In the "authenticity of Chinese herbal medicine identification" mentioned in the use of Ranunculaceae plant Beesia calthifolia (Maxim.) Ulbr. after dyed filling. To ensure the safety and efficacy of clinical medication, this study went to Taiwan in the north, middle, south and east of Chinese medicine and green grass shop to collect a total of 20 samples of authenticity Picrorhizae Rhizome herba, the appearance of herbs identification, quality control (microscopic identification, chemical specifications, thin-layer chromatography, high efficiency Liquid chromatography), antioxidat activities assessments (DPPH free radical scavenging, reducing power), and other experiments.
From the experimental result of morphologically features, it was found that the Picrorhizae Rhizome was surrounded by petiole residues, 4-10 with white vascular bundles in circular permutation, while Beesiae Rhizome section yellow brown, 12 to 18 vascular bundle, more than up to 23, in circular permutation. For the microscopic identification, only Beesiae Rhizome had starch granules. For the high performance liquid chromatography, Picrorhizae Rhizome had the components of picroside Ⅰ and picroside Ⅱ while Beesiae Rhizome and unknown counterfeit did not.
In conclusion, this study can be used as the reference for the authentication and quality evaluation of Picrorhizae Rhizome and Beesiae Rhizome. |
