| 摘要: | 傷寒學派與溫病學派在外感疾病診治的範疇上素來爭執不歇，兩者都有中醫史上重量級的學者及可奉為經典的醫學著作背書，使得這種爭議變得更加撲朔迷離。此爭議起始於《傷寒論》官方版本剛剛定稿而始為廣傳的北宋，當時已有醫家提出質疑，主張不應用傷寒理論治療一切外感疾病，應將「溫病」獨立審視、研究，其中的先驅就是龐安時。
龐氏及他現今唯一流存的著作《傷寒總病論》對《傷寒論》做出了詮釋及修改，並用書中一半的篇幅講述溫病，是第一位將溫病置於與傷寒同一水平論述的醫家。本論文透過註解該書內文和尋找原文出處，並將其中的理論與《傷寒論》原文、現代傷寒教材、現代溫病教材對照比較，來全面瞭解《傷寒總病論》的傷寒和溫病理論。
研究結果可以發現，龐氏無論是傷寒或溫病的思想都深受張仲景的影響，無論辨證、用藥、組方都有《傷寒論》明顯的痕跡；雖然已獨立看待溫病，但仍未完全脫離治療傷寒的大方向。而與後代溫病學家的理論相比，龐氏仍未發展出一套溫病專用的理法方藥系統，兩者無論在溫病的定義、治療溫病時使用的辨證法、治療溫病的方藥、對溫病的預防等方面都有不同程度的差異。
總的來說，始自龐氏的《傷寒總病論》時期裡，溫病學說已然開始自廣義傷寒中分離出來而萌芽，對後世溫病學派的興起頗有啟發，但龐氏傷寒與溫病學說仍處於一個「初步分化」以及「欲分未分」的狀態。
In the history of curing exogenous of Chinese Medicine,there are two different school,Shanghan and warm diseases,conflict for long time.Both schools has stand by important medical scientist and classic literature,which make the controversy become more confusing.Such controversy started from Song Dynasty,when Shanghan Zabing Lun was just finalized by the government.At the same time,some doctors claim that we cannot use the theory of Shanghan to cure every exogenous,and should treat warm disease as an independent disease from Shanghan. The pioneer is An-Shi Pang.
Pang and his literary work Shanghan Zhongbing Lun,which is the only book has hand down,beside annotated and modified Shanghan Zabing Lun,half-space of the book is the study of warm disease,his was the first doctor who advocate warm disease doesn’t attached as part of Shanghan.In this paper,through annotating and finding the sources of the content of Shanghan Zhongbing Lun,and comparing the theory in the book with modern textbook of Shanghan and warm disease,to thoroughly understand the ideology of the book.
The results shown that,whatever differentiation,diagnose or prescription,Pang was deeply affected by Shanghan Zabing Lun.Though he can regard wam disease as an independent disease,but when curing,he still cannot get rid of the influence of Shanghan Zabing Lun.And compared with the later doctor of school of warm disease,Pang still cannot develop a warm disease dedicated system of diagnose and prescription,both definition,differentiation,prescription and prevention,the difference between Pang and later doctor are apparent.
To sum up,start from Pang and his Shanghan Zhongbing Lun,warm disease was separating from generalized Shanghan,and inspiring later doctors,but it can be said that it is a period of preliminary differentiation of Shanghan and warm disease. |
