| 摘要: | 根據行政院衛生署（2011）公佈99年度國人十大死因統計，由代謝症候群所引起的疾病就佔了四項，如：腦血管疾病、心臟疾病、糖尿病、與高血壓性疾病。因此，本研究目的為探討代謝症候群患者（Metabolic Syndrome）與一般民眾的生活品質及其相關因素。本研究採橫斷性研究設計，並以立意取樣法，以中部某醫學中心家庭醫學科門診進行健康檢查之182位民眾，一般民眾與代謝症候群患者各有91人。採結構式問卷收集資料。研究工具包括人口學特性、健康促進生活型態量表、WHOQOL-Brief生活品質量表及生理代謝表現等量表。以IBM SPSS 19.0版統計套裝軟體進行描述性統計、t-檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、逐步複迴歸分析等分析。
研究結果發現，一般民眾組平均年齡為50.38歲，代謝症候群組平均年齡為49.46歲，代謝症候群患者健康促進生活型態總量表得分為57.85分，其次量表由高到低依序為營養、自我實現、人際支持、壓力管理、健康責任及運動。而生活品質量表得分為57.97分，其他範疇由高到低依序為環境範疇、生理範疇、社會關係範疇及心理範疇。不同的教育程度、吸菸狀況及睡眠時數和整體生活品質量表得分上有顯著差異，以及健康促進生活型態六個面向與生活品質總量表得分皆呈現顯著正相關。而收縮壓、舒張壓、總膽固醇、高密度脂蛋白與生活品質亦有顯著差異。自我實現、人際支持、身體質量指數及年齡等四個變項為生活品質的預測因子，能共同解釋代謝症候群者整體生活品質變異量的73.4％。一般民眾在生活品質量表之生理範疇、心理範疇及社會關係範疇平均得分皆顯著高於代謝症候群患者，而相對於代謝症候群患者，壓力管理、營養、運動、身體質量指數、舒張壓及教育程度等變項對一般民眾的生活品質具有預測影響力。
本結果明顯觀察到代謝症候群與一般民眾在生活品質的預測上之差異，研究結果可協助醫療人員、政府衛生部門瞭解代謝症候群患者的健康促進生活型態與追蹤病情，以利改善其生活品質，亦可針對一般民眾與代謝候群提供不同的健康訊息，以可為臨床衛生教育、未來衛生醫療政策及相關學者研究之參考。
Department of Health, Executive Yuan R.O.C. published a list of 10 major causes of death in 2010 in which 4 diseases are caused by metabolic syndrome (including cerebral vascular disease, heart disease, diabetes and high blood pressure). This study aims to investigate quality of life and relevant factors of metabolic syndrome patients and the public. We employed cross-sectional design with purposive sampling. Structured questionnaire was issued to 182 people (91 of general population and 91 of metabolic syndrome patients) who sought physical examination at family medicine clinic of a medical center in central Taiwan. Research instruments include demographic features, Health Promotion Lifestyle Scale, WHOQOL- Brief and Physiological and Metabolic Condition Scale.
Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient and stepwise regression were performed using IBM SPSS 19.0. The average age of the general population group is 50.38 while that of metabolic syndrome patient group is 49.46. Results show that the average score of Quality Lifestyle Scale of metabolic syndrome patients is 57.97 with environment domain being the top, followed by physical health domain, social relationships domain and psychological domain. The average score of Health Promotion Lifestyle Scale is 57.85; the score of subscales was ranked in a descending order: nutrition, self-actualization, interpersonal support, stress management, health responsibility and exercise. Education level, smoking and sleep duration achieved significant level in WHOQOL-Brief. Scores of 6 aspects of Health Promotion Lifestyle Scale are positively correlated with WHOQOL-Brief while systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, cholesterol and high density lipoprotein achieved level of significance in WHOQOL-Brief. Self-actualization, interpersonal support, BMI and age are predictive of quality of life and explained 73.4% of variance in WHOQOL-Brief.
Findings of this study may facilitate medical staff’s and government health departments’ understanding of health promotion lifestyle and tracking of disease in order to improve metabolic syndrome patients’ quality of life as well as serve as a reference point for future health policies and studies. |
