| 摘要: | 山防風為藍刺頭屬(Echinops)是一種廣泛應用於民間醫藥，在台灣主要用來治療發炎、清熱解毒之用，在我們初步生物活性測試表明，山防風根部甲醇提取物對於NO抑制隨濃度的增加而增加，所以繼續研究這植物的化學成分。
山防風根部甲醇提取物進一步利用色層層析法與高液不同層析法進行分離。從該植物分離與純化，共得到三十六個的化合物，其中包括
6個芳香環類：
Methyl caffeate (AR 1), 4,5-dimethoxybenzene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde (AR 2**), Methyl paraben (AR 3), 3-(4’-Hydroxyphenyl)-(E)-propenoic acid methyl ester (AR 4), Methyl veratrate (AR 5), Vanillin (AR 6)
5個蒽醌類：
Chrysoobtusin (AQ 1), Obtusin (AQ 2) , Aurantio-obtusin (AQ 3) , 1-desmethylobtusin (AQ 4) , Obtusifoline (AQ 5)
18個噻吩類：
2,2'-bithiophene -5'-carboxylic-acid (TH 1**), 2-(3,4-dihydroxybut-1-ynyl)-5-(penta-1,3-diynyl) –thiophene (TH 2), α-Terthienyl (TH 3) , 5’-(3,4-Dihydroxybut-1-ynyl)-2,2’-bithiophene
(TH 4) , 5-acetyl-2,2'-bithiophene (TH 5) , 5-formyl-2,2'-bithiophene(TH 6**) , methyl-5,2'-bithiophene-2-carboxylate (TH 7**) , 5'-(But-3-en-1-ynyl)-2,2'-bithiophene (TH 8) , 5'-(4-hydroxy-1-butynyl)-2,2'-bithiophene (TH 9) , Cardopatine (TH 10) , Isocardopatine (TH 11) , 5'-(3-Hydroxy-4-isovaleroyloxybut-1-ynyl)-2,2’-bithiophene (TH 12) , 5'-(3-Hydroxy-4-isovaleroyloxybut-1-ynyl)-2,2'-bithiophene (TH 13) , 5-(4-hydroxy-1-butynyl)-2,2'-bithiophene (TH 14) , 5’-(4-acetoxy -1-butynl)bithiophene (TH 15) , 5’-(4- hydroxy -3-methoxy-1-butyny)bithiophene (TH 16*) , 2-(penta-1, 3-diynyl)-5-(4-hydroxybut-1-ynyl)-thiophene(TH 17), 5’-(3- Hydroxy -4-acetoxybutyl-1-butyny)2,2’bithiophene(TH 18)
4個固醇類：
β-Sitosterol (ST 1), Stigmasterol (ST 2), β-Sitosterol-O-D-Glucoside (ST 3), β-Stigmasterol-O-D-Glucoside (ST 4)
1個木酚素：
Pinoresinol (LI 1)
2個倍半萜類：
Dihydrosantamarine ( SQ 1), Santamarine ( SQ 2)
在活性試驗方面，純化合物中AQ 1(Chryso obtusin ) 對RAW 264.7 細胞有最好的生存率；SQ 2 (Santamarine ) 為 NO抑制活性最佳化合物，IC50 為4.59 ± 0.17 μg/mL。
*新穎化合物
**由天然物首次分離
Echinops grijisii Hance (Echinops) is a folk medicine used in Taiwain to treat inflammation and detoxification.Our preliminary bioassay test in dicated that the methanol extract of radix of this plant showed a dose-dependent effect to NO inhibition.We continue in the study on chemical constituents of this plant.
These dried stems of Echinops grijisii Hance were extracted with methanol.The extracts were further separated by chromathography.Tirty six compounds have been isolated and purified. Those include ：
Six aromatics：
Methyl caffeate (AR 1), 4,5-dimethoxybenzene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde (AR 2**), Methyl paraben (AR 3), 3-(4’-Hydroxyphenyl)-(E)-propenoic acid methyl ester (AR 4), Methyl veratrate (AR 5), and Vanillin (AR 6)
Five anthraquinone：
Chrysoobtusin (AQ 1), Obtusin (AQ 2) , Aurantio-obtusin (AQ 3) , 1-desmethylobtusin (AQ 4) , and Obtusifoline (AQ 5)
Eigteen thiophens：
2,2'-bithiophene -5'-carboxylic-acid (TH 1**), 2-(3,4-dihydroxybut-1-ynyl)-5-(penta-1,3-diynyl) –thiophene (TH 2), α-Terthienyl (TH 3) , 5’-(3,4-Dihydroxybut-1-ynyl)-2,2’-bithiophene
(TH 4) , 5-acetyl-2,2'-bithiophene (TH 5) , 5-formyl-2,2'-bithiophene(TH 6**) , methyl-5,2'-bithiophene-2-carboxylate (TH 7**) , 5'-(But-3-en-1-ynyl)-2,2'-bithiophene (TH 8) , 5'-(4-hydroxy-1-butynyl)-2,2'-bithiophene (TH 9) , Cardopatine (TH 10) , Isocardopatine (TH 11) , 5'-(3-Hydroxy-4-isovaleroyloxybut-1-ynyl)-2,2’-bithiophene (TH 12) , 5'-(3-Hydroxy-4-isovaleroyloxybut-1-ynyl)-2,2'-bithiophene (TH 13) , 5-(4-hydroxy-1-butynyl)-2,2'-bithiophene (TH 14) , 5’-(4-acetoxy -1-butynl)bithiophene (TH 15) , 5’-(4- hydroxy -3-methoxy-1-butyny)bithiophene (TH 16*) , 2-(penta-1, 3-diynyl)-5-(4-hydroxybut-1-ynyl)-thiophene(TH 17), 5’-(3- Hydroxy -4-acetoxybutyl-1-butyny)2,2’bithiophene(TH 18)
Four steroids：
β-Sitosterol (ST 1), Stigmasterol (ST 2), β-Sitosterol-O-D-Glucoside (ST 3), β-Stigmasterol-O-D-Glucoside (ST 4)
one lignan：
Pinoresinol (LI 1)
Two Sesquiterpenes：
Dihydrosantamarine ( SQ 1), Santamarine ( SQ 2)
According to bioassay result , compound AQ 1(Chryso obtusin ) showed the best cell viability to RAW 264.7 cell；compound SQ 2 (Santamarine ) showed the most inhibitory activity against LPS-induced NO production with IC50 value of 4.59 ± 0.17 μg/mL.
*New compound
** First isolation from natural source |
