《濟陰綱目•調經門》內容探討

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题名:	《濟陰綱目•調經門》內容探討 Study of Tiao- Jing- Men in Ji- Yin- Gang- Mu
作者:	陳玫妃;Chen, Mei-Fei
贡献者:	中醫學系碩士班
关键词:	《濟陰綱目》;〈調經門〉;解析評論;傳承;不同版本2書比較;“Ji Yin Gang Mu”;“Tiao Jing Men”;Analytical Criticism;Inheritance;Comparison of two books in different versions
日期:	2012-08-01
上传时间:	2012-08-31 16:17:52 (UTC+8)
出版者:	中國醫藥大學
摘要:	明‧《濟陰綱目》專論婦科病證，是武之望在明‧王肯堂，《女科證治準繩》的基礎上，引述諸家論述之說，資料豐富，內容綱目條理分明，選方實用，此書引錄歷代婦科文獻，選錄精華，整理詳盡，對後世醫家很有臨床應用價值。據《全國中醫圖書聯合目錄》記載目前於中國大陸各圖書館館藏《濟陰綱目》共有47種版本，民國以後各出版社發行版本更不可計數，可窺之《濟陰綱目》在清朝是廣為流傳的中醫婦科權威性著作。在《四庫全書總目提要》及《中醫大辭典》皆認定《濟陰綱目》只是以《女科證治準繩》為藍本改編而已。事實上，武之望廣羅群書，精選精要內容，用心彙編，內容條理分明，有他努力成就與貢獻。本研究選第一卷第一門〈調經門〉做解析研究，在醫論內容主要做文獻古籍深究及分析評論與現代婦科醫學觀點作比對探討，運用〈中華醫典資料庫〉將〈調經門〉每節醫論原文用關鍵詞搜尋比對溯源目地有助於了解《濟陰綱目‧調經門》醫論傳承遞變，希望以創新的文獻研究方法有助於後人研究《濟陰綱目‧調經門》的思想論點原意考證及突破武之望在著述《濟陰綱目‧調經門》時醫論不周全的地方。研究成果，分項說明如下：(1)每節，中醫名詞註解，詳細研讀，寫評述。畫Visio關連圖，闡述各節主要思維，關連。(2)原典引用各書，有書名簡字，作者名簡名、或只記姓氏，分別查尋、考證、理清，讓讀者不再為這混淆的出典名詞所困擾。調經門，21節，就有引用醫家19位，出處醫籍19本，並非上述《四庫全書總目提要》所批評的，只用《女科證治準繩》一書而己。(3)中醫醫籍，很少記載引用前溯何書，書名作者名，後人只能從詳讀古籍的記憶或筆記下，來捕捉鳳毛麟爪，所得有限，無以為濟，不能理清其傳承關緣。用電腦程式從相同文字所佔的比例可得到《濟陰綱目‧調經門》醫論原文溯源、引用、傳承遞變，附錄文字醒目染色提示，歷歷可見，清晰條列，一目瞭然。此創新的古籍文獻研究方法，用電腦程式處理文字，用Visio關連圖說明，有助於現代研究典籍文獻思想論點原意、考證及突破。開創醫史文獻研究的新領域，解決文獻古籍深究源起與傳承的大難題，事實上，本書引述之後，很多武氏再引他書，加以整理。這也推翻《四庫全書總目提要》的錯誤批判。市面上流通有兩版本，明‧萬歷四十八年武之望五卷本，清‧康熙四年汪淇箋釋十四卷刊本，將〈調經門〉從版本考證比對目錄、條文引用出處、內容增刪差異探討武版及汪版優劣所在，研究武之望著述《濟陰綱目》時的學術脈絡淵源及汪淇箋釋修改《濟陰綱目》的原因。透過本研究結果，可理解到《濟陰綱目》的成書溯源，在中醫婦科史上的發展源流，主要從《婦人大全良方》、《校注婦人大全良方》、《女科證治準繩》而來，所以武之望著作《濟陰綱目》，雖大多引用，但非全文抄襲，是參考多本古籍融會貫通後，在婦科臨床治病的平台上，將相關醫論重新整合而成，有其獨特的貢獻，其功不可沒。 “Ji Yin Gang Mu” of Ming Dynasty is with specific argumentations on diseases related to gynecology, for which is written by Wu, Zhi-Wang on the basis of “Gynecological Treatment Standard” of Wang, Keng-tang from Ming Dynasty, to cite theories from theses of various schools, with its content and summary well-organized, and its prescriptions practical, moreover, this book is cited gynecological documentaries throughout history, with excerption of essence from them, to put them in an orderly fashion as well in extreme details, and come to be very valuable on the clinical applications to the later medical experts. According to the recordings of “Library Union Catalogue of Mainland China”, currently in Mainland China, there is a total of 47 versions of “Ji Yin Gang Mu” in the collections of the various libraries, nonetheless, there are countless versions published by various publishers after the establishment of Republic of China, and this is clearly to see that “Ji Yin Gang Mu”is a very authoritative work on Chinese gynecology, to be passed around in popularity during Ching Dynasty. In both “Si Ku Chuan Su Zong Mu Ti Yao” (The Summary of the Books in Four Divisions)and “Chung I Ta Tz'u Tien” (Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine), they all with recognition on “Ji Yin Gang Mu” only as adaptation on the blueprint of “Gynecological Treatment Standard”. In fact, Wu, Zhi-Wang makes wide searches with collections of miscellaneous books, to select and excerpt their essential contents, to put efforts on compilation, and with his efforts, accomplishments and contributions, the contents of “Ji Yin Gang Mu”are arranged and tidy. With selection of first subject of first volume as “Tiao Jing Men”for the analytical research in the paper, on the part of medical theories, mainly to get to the bottom of ancient documentaries and make analytical criticisms, to then make comparison as well as investigations on the medical viewpoints from modern gynecology, moreover, with application of the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine, to make key word searching of source origins for the original texts from each section of medical theory, in the way, it is helpful to understand the inheritance and evolution on the medical theories of “Ji Yin Gang Mu‧Tiao Jing Men”, with anticipation that by way of innovative documentary research approaches, it is helpful for the later people on the studies of “Ji Yin Gang Mu‧Tiao Jing Men” for its thinking argumentation and verifications of its original meanings, as well as to make breakthrough of any inconclusiveness by Wu, Zhi-Wang when writing “ Ji Yin Gang Mu‧Tiao Jing Men”. The research results are illustrated separately as the followings: (1) for the medical term annotations of each section, to study carefully, and to make criticism. With drawing of Visio association diagram, to illustrate the main ideas and associations of various sections; (2) with citation of various books from original works, to write down book title in abbreviation, name of author in simple term, or only with last name, to make search, verification and sorting out, enabling the readers not to be confused any longer by the term for which the citations are based. There is a total of 21 sections for “Tiao Jing Men”, and on the citation from the medical experts alone, there are 19 people, with sources of origin, there are 19 books, unlike what critics made on the above stated “Si Ku Chuan Su Zong Mu Ti Yao” (The Summary of the Books in Four Divisions), only with citation from the book “Gynecological Treatment Standard”; (3)for Chinese medical books, there are very few to record citation as where and what books, title, and author they are originated, while the later people can only make trace of books read, to either follow closely or make note for any relations, seldom there is much to obtain from, only very few of them as phoenix feather and dragon claws, while there is so litter to gather from, and nothing much to make out anything, unable to clear out their inherited relationships. However, by computer programming, with the percentage accounted from similar words, one is able to see the source of origin, citation, inheritance and evolution, appendix texts in striking coloring reminders from medical theories of original text of “Ji Yin Gang Mu‧Tiao Jing Men” where they can be seen distinctly, to be clearly arranged, and easily to understand when reading through. For this innovative ancient book documentary research method, by processing words with computer programming, to make illustrations with Visio association diagram, and this is helpful for the modern researches on the original meanings, verifications and breakthroughs on the idea argumentation of classical documentaries. This in turn to create new field on the documentary researches of medical history, to solve the big dilemma to get to the bottom of origin and inheritance for the documentaries of ancient books, in fact, after citation made by the book, Wu’s will also cite other books for many of them, to then make organization. This also overturns the wrong critics made by “Si Ku Chuan Su Zong Mu Ti Yao” (The Summary of the Books in Four Divisions). There are two versions circulating in the market-five volumes by Wu, Zhi-Wang in 1620 of Ming Dynasty, and 14 volume editions illustrated by Wang, Qi-Qian; by way of verification and comparison on the two versions of “Tiao Jing Men” for contents, origins of source citation, differences on content addition and elimination, to see what the advantages and weakness on both Wu’s and Wong’s versions, and to study the academic patterns and relationship from Wu, Zhi-Wang when writing “Ji Yin Gang Mu”, as well as the reasons why Wang Qi-Qian make explanations and revisions of “Ji Yin Gang Mu”. Through the results of the paper, to understand the source of origins for bringing about the creation of “Ji Yin Gang Mu”, and on the development source of origins in the history of Chinese Medical gynecology, they are mainly from “Furen Daquan Liang Fang” (Complete Effective Prescriptions for Women's Diseases), “Jiaozhu Furen Daquan Liang Fang” (Emendation on Complete Effective Prescriptions for Women's Diseases), and “Gynecological Treatment Standard”. Thus, although there are a lot of citations made in the work of “Ji Yin Gang Mu”by Wu, Zhi-Wang, they are not plagiarism word by word, instead as comprehensions well-thought over by referring to a lot of ancient books, and on the clinical illness treating platform of gynecology, to put together of the related medical theories once again, certainly to have his unique contributions, and his efforts should not be taken lightly.
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