金黃色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)是院內及社區感染的主要致病菌，然而，金黃色葡萄球菌的抗藥性日益嚴重，特別是甲氧苯青黴素抗性金黃色葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus，MRSA)。MRSA菌株帶有一個可移動的基因片段Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec(SCCmec)，SCCmec可區分為五個型別。本研究為探討SCCmec之型別、PVL毒性因子、β-lactam類抗生素(含spermine)最低抑菌濃度的測定以及Bocillin標示penicillin-binding proteins(PBPs)。藉由多重聚合酶鏈鎖反應(multiplex polymerase chain reaction)進行毒性因子(PVL基因)及SCCmec分型；利用微量瓊脂稀釋法(agar microdilution method)進行抗生素最低抑菌濃度測試以及用PCR進行標示PBPs。結果發現MRSA多呈多重抗藥性，spermine可降低β-lactam類抗生素的最低抑菌濃度，SCCmec 分型有36.5%屬於SCCmec IIIA，SCCmec II及IV皆佔了19.2%，佔了9.6%的有SCCmec III及V，PVL毒性因子約有9.5%，且MRSA及MSSA相差不多，在添加spermine後最低抑菌濃度未改變的9株菌株皆被標示為PBP2a。
Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that causes both nosocomial and community-onset infections worldwide. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) has a mobile genetic element, Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec(SCCmec). Up to now, five types of SCCmec(SCCmec I to V) and several variants have been repoted. In this study, we tested Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec(SCCmec)typing and PVL virulence genes using PCR(multiplex polymerase chain reaction), and the MICs of β-lactam antibiotics(contain spermine) in Staphylococcus aureus by agar microdilution method and using Bocillin Labeling of PBPs.
The results showed that most of MRSA strains were multiple drugs resistance. We found that spermine can decrease the MICs ofβ-lactam antibiotics in Staphylococcus aureus. The majority of SCCmec type are type IIIA(36.5%), 19.2% are type II and IV, and 9.6% are type III and V. Approximately 9.5% of the strains are with PVL gene, and MRSA is similar to MSSA. We found only 9 strains, for which the MICs ofβ-lactam antibiotics could not be decreased after adding spermine. They were all labeled as PBP2a.
