| 摘要: | 過去研究指出，約有四分之一的大學新生在大學的第一年體重有顯著的增加，這結果與飲食習慣改變有很大的關係，而營養教育或其他健康促進方法可幫助其維持健康的體重。本研究目的有二：(1) 調查醫學大學新生入學時之身體組成與健康狀況；(2) 探討營養教育介入對於醫學大學生於大學第一年內體位變化情形之影響。本研究以中國醫藥大學98學年度入學之大學部新生做為研究對象，納入條件為18~25歲，於新生體檢時進行體位測量及血液檢測，總計1123人(男性501人，女性622人)；於新生入學後二個月內進行問卷訪查，下學期末二個月內進行問卷訪查及身體組成測量，總計366人(男性144人，女性222人)。結果顯示，整體受試者之身體組成在身體質量指數及體脂肪百分比皆有顯著增加，且營養知識分數退步(未達顯著)；但在肥胖的受試者中，營養介入與營養知識分數有顯著相關(p<0.05)，且營養知識分數與體脂肪百分比、脂肪重量、身體質量指數、腰圍、內臟脂肪面積有顯著相關(p<0.05)。因此，藉由正確的營養教育介入及知識改善可降低大一新生體重及體脂肪增加的問題，可做為大專院校對於大一新生體位改善及教育之參考，對其健康及預防疾病的發生有正向的影響。
Previous studies pointed out that about a quarter of college freshmen in the first year of college with a significant increase in body weight; dietary habits have been considered one of major causes. Health promotion programs such as nutritional education are believed to help maintain a healthy weight. Therefore, there were two purposes in this study. First of all, to investigate the body composition and health status of enrolled the Medical College Freshmen; secondly, to explore the effect of nutritional education intervention for first year medical students at the University of environments. In this study, China Medical University academic year of 2009 freshmen were enrolled as subjects, aged 18 to 25, the anthropometric measurements and blood test were conducted in the orientation physical examination, total of 1123 freshmen (501 males, 622 females) were collected. Two health status questionnaires were conducted within 2 months after enrollment and before 2 months of end of the second semester, respectively. The body composition was carried out as well. A total of 366 subjects (144 males, 222 females) were recruited. In results, the body mass index and percent body fat increased significantly and regressed the nutritional knowledge score but without significant difference during period. However, in obese subjects, nutritional education intervention and nutrition knowledge scores showed highly correlation (p<0.05). Furthermore, the nutritional knowledge scores and body fat percentage, BMI, WC showed highly reversed correlation (p<0.05). In conclusion, to reduce weight and body fat composition by using the correct nutritional education knowledge for 2009 enrolled China Medical University freshmen is recommended, especially in the obese subjects. |
