趙開美本《傷寒論》及其後續版本流傳演變之研究

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題名:	趙開美本《傷寒論》及其後續版本流傳演變之研究 Study on the Zhao Kaimei’s Edition of the “Shang Han Lun” and it’s Evolvement and Development
作者:	游文仁
貢獻者:	中醫學系博士班
關鍵詞:	傷寒論;趙開美;版本研究;文獻研究 Shang Han Lun;Zhao Kaimei;Textual research of edition
日期:	2011-07-27
上傳時間:	2011-10-17 16:05:11 (UTC+8)
出版者:	中國醫藥大學
摘要:	北宋「校正醫書局」所刊行的《傷寒論》，終結了宋以前傳本歧出的狀況，同時也開啟了傷寒的研究風潮，是為最重要的《傷寒論》版本。其有大字本與小字本二種，可惜皆早已不存於世。宋版小字本的面貌因明朝趙開美的翻刻而得以為世人所識，然而，時至今日，趙開美《傷寒論》原刊本亦已稀如星鳯，因此，研究其版本狀況與後續傳本流傳演變的情形，是一項重要的工作。經由搜集或提閱各種版本的原刻本、影印本或是照片檔，一方面從形式上進行版式行款、欄框高廣及欄線續斷等的比較研究；另一方面從內容上進行對校與理校。並且廣泛參閱各種相關的文獻資料後，得到了許多重要的結果。在趙開美《傷寒論》的底本的研究方面，可以肯定為宋刊本。在現存的趙本中，確認了《中科本》、《滬圖本》、《滬醫本》皆屬於初刻本，《故宮本》及《瀋醫本》屬於修刻本，《內閣本》則為影刻本。影刻本的底本屬於初刻本。在趙本後繼版本的種類及源流的研究方面，在29種版本中，確認了屬於趙本系統的共有19種，以他本為主，僅少量引用趙本者有3種，與趙本無關者則有7種。屬於趙本系統的19種版本中，源自修刻本者僅有1種，直接源自初刻本者亦僅有1種，源自影刻本者則多達16種，另有1種疑亦源自影刻本；本研究復將屬於趙本系統者，區分為「本文類」及「注釋類」兩種，其中本文類又有一些較細微的區別，包括分為「全文本」及「刪節本」兩部份，以及全文本可再分為「重刊本」和「影印、翻刻或影抄本」二類，而註釋類則可區分為「簡注本」及「集注本」兩種。這樣的區分可以使版本的屬性清晰易辨，應有利於學術或臨床上的應用，或可作為學界未來對相關版本描述方面的參考。本研究又進一步發展出一套可用以鑑別趙開美本《傷寒論》版本系統的法則。此法則包含了4項原則以及7種鑑別要點，除了可用以鑑別出屬於成本，或是趙本外，對於屬趙本系統者，則可鑑別出是屬於初刻本、修刻本抑或是影刻本，更可進一步鑑別出是屬於《校注本》、《岡嶋本》、《堀川本》或是《新輯本》那一支系。提供了相關的版本研究一項快速而便捷的工具。對於各種非趙本的《仲景全書》，包括和刻本、清刻本、民國本、韓國本等，本研究亦作了一些探討，除了分析歸納各種版本間的關係外，除了釐清各種版本間的關係外，也糾正了如和刻本中的上村次郎右衛門本應早於秋田屋總兵衛本、清刻本的眉註係翻刻自和刻本中之出雲寺和泉等十書坊共印本，而非清末成都何如經根據趙本所為之誤解。同時也指出韓國本與東方書局印本完全相同，皆為千頃堂本之影印本。在研究過程中，有兩項與《傷寒論》版本有關的重要議題，本研究也加以關注，其一是對於「治平官刊大字景寫《傷寒論》」收藏者，矩菴身份的考證，本研究確認了其身份為清末民初的徐坊，然而在繼續就其藏書的流向進行考察，希望能找到該藏本的可能下落時，可惜尚未有進一步的發現；其二是對於許多學者所認為的《影抄本》是由楊守敬所偽造一事的考證，經過詳細研究後所得的結果，並不認為《影抄本》是由楊氏所偽作，而可能是由具有崇古、復古之心的江戶時期日人所為。 The most important edition of “Shang Han Lun”（傷寒論） block-printed by the “Medical Book Revising Bureau”（校正醫書局）in the Northern Sung dynasty ended the complicated situation of versions before，and launched the trend of research. It was composed of large character version and small character version, but both of them didn’t exist any more. Zhao Kiemei（趙開美） in the Ming Dynasty had republished the small character version. Because the edition of Zhao Kiemei is rare now, it was very important to study this edition and it’s evolvement and development. After reviewing lots of references and requesting the originals of many kinds of editions from libraries, or collecting their copies or photographs, we checked them not only by the appearances but also the contents, and had many important conclusions in final. We had two conclusions in the study of the Zhao Kaimei’s edition. One was the source of this edition should be the real “Shang Han Lun” block-printed in the Northern Sung dynasty. The other one was reconfirming that Zhao Kaimei’s edition can be divided into two groups, including the first version and the revised version. The version collected by the cabinet of Japan was just a reproduction from the first version of the Zhao Kaimei’s edition. In the study of the evolvement and development of Zhao Kaimei’s edition, we had three important conclusions. Firstly, we analyzed the relationship between 29 versions of “Shang Han Lun” with the Zhao Kaimei’s edition, and confirmed that 19 versions were derived exactly from it, 3 versions just extracted little contents of it, and 7 versions didn’t have any relationship with it. In the 19 versions which were derived exactly from the Zhao Kaimei’s edition, there were just one derived from the revised version, at least 17 versions derived from the first version (16 versions based on the version collected by the cabinet of Japan, in fact), and the last one was hard to distinguish. Secondly, we divided 29 versions into two main groups and several subgroups according to situations of abridging and annotating. That will benefit for academic and clinical use. Finally, we developed a principle including 4 rules and 7 notes. With that, we could identify if a version of “Shang Han Lun” derived from the Zhao Kaimei’s edition. If it does, we could also recognize which branches it derives from. The principle will be good for studying of editions. We also paid close attention to two subjects associated to “Shang Han Lun”. The first one was who was the man claiming to own the facsimile handwritten copy of the official Northern Sung large character version. We identified the man was Xu Fang in the late Ching dynasty, but failed to trail the whereabouts of the version finally. The second one was who fabricated the ‘facsimile handwritten copy of Northern Song edition of Shang han lun’. This version was collected from Japan and named by Yang Shou-jing (1829-1915), and was identified as a apocryph. Some scholars thought it was fabricated by Yang, but we revealed that there was no evidence could proof the copy was fabricated by Yang, and the most possible fabricator was Japanese in the Eto period(1603-1867).
顯示於類別:	[中醫學系暨碩博班] 博碩士論文

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