離子液體閃火點研究

中國醫藥大學機構典藏 China Medical University Repository, Taiwan > 公共衛生學院 > 職業安全與衛生學系暨碩士班 > 博碩士論文 > Item 310903500/32435

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题名:	離子液體閃火點研究 A study of the flash point for ionic liquids
作者:	陳怡蒨;Yi-Chien Chen
贡献者:	公共衛生學院職業安全衛生學系碩士班
关键词:	閃火點;離子液體;動力學參數;熱分解;Flash point;Ionic liquid;kinetic parameter;themal decomposition
日期:	2010
上传时间:	2010-09-29 12:04:38 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本篇研究離子液體的閃火點成因以動態熱重量分析儀後接於快速博立葉變換紅外線光譜儀分析離子液體熱分解前後的氣相組成，利用快速博立葉變換紅外線光譜儀觀察在離子液體熱解過程中所產生的氣體前後之差異。動態熱重量分析與等溫熱重量分析測試離子液體熱分解速率;以熱重量分析儀所得到的圖譜，利用過去文獻建議使用的方法估算離子液體的閃火點，並與潘馬式閃火點測試儀測出的閃火點比較。再使用等溫熱重量分析儀數據來估算離子液體熱分解速率並求出熱分解的動力學參數。差示掃描量熱儀測試離子液體於升溫過程中的熱量變化，與動態熱重量分析比較。快速博立葉變換紅外線光譜儀分析離子液體動態熱重量分析儀的分解氣體，發現氣相組成比例在明顯的重量損失時的前後不同，其氣相組成具易燃性氣體與非易燃性氣體。閃火點測試儀所測出的離子液體閃火點與利用熱重量分析儀分解溫度所估算的閃火點差異大，證實利用熱重量分析儀分解溫度估算離子液體的閃火點是不恰當的。差示掃描量熱儀之熱圖譜與熱重量分析儀之動態升溫熱重曲線圖疊圖後，於微小重量損失處與重量損失最大處皆有吸熱峰。使用熱重量分析儀的分解溫度估計閃火點將會低估離子液體火災爆炸的危害，離子液體分解後的氣體具易燃性，只要少量的易燃性氣體應可以達到燃燒下限，而形成閃火點。且離子液體形成閃火點的原因與一般有機溶劑不同，故無法使用蒸氣壓估計離子液體的閃火點。市售的離子液體價格昂貴，且使用閃火點測試儀測試的成本高，若能使用熱分析數據估算離子液體的閃火點，則只需少許的樣本與基本數據即可快速有效且便宜的估算純離子液體的閃火點，本研究結果可幫助建立純離子液體閃火點預測方法。 This study used dynamic thermogravimetry and FTIR to analyze the gas phase composition before and after the pyrolysis of ionic liquids. The method proposed in literature by use of the thermal diagram of DSC and TGA to estimate the flashpoint of ILs was used and the results were compared with those obtained from flash point tester. A new proposed method by use the tested isothermal TGA decomposition rate at different temperature was tested and was used to estimate the pyrolysis kinetic parameters of ionic liquids. Finally, the estimated flashpoints of ILs were compared with the experimental data. The flash point of ionic liquids was tested by the Flash point tester (Walter Herzog GmbH Pensky-Martens HFP 360). The decomposition behavior of ionic liquids was analyzed by the thermogravimetric analyzer (Mettler Toledo TGA/SDTA851e) and Differential scanning calorimetry (Mettler Toledo DSC821e). The FTIR Multicomponent (FTIR Gas Analyzer GASMET Dx-4015) was used to analyze gas phase composition of the pyrolysis products of ionic liquids. The results tested from dynamic thermogravimetry and FTIR indicated that the gas phase compositions were different. It demonstrated that the estimation of flashpoint of ionic liquids from TGA decomposition data is not appropriate. The method proposed in this study by use of the pyrolysis kinetic parameters from isothermal TGA decomposition rate of ionic liquids. The estimation of flashpoint by use of TGA decomposition data will underestimate the fire and explosion hazard of ionic liquids. By use of the kinetic parameters to estimate flashpoint of ILs proposed in this study give an accuracy result, and reduce the cost of flash point testing.
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