Increased plasma levels of urokinase plasminogen activator and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in nonsmall cell lung cancer patients

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Title:	Increased plasma levels of urokinase plasminogen activator and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in nonsmall cell lung cancer patients
Authors:	Yang, SF;Hsieh, YS;Lin, CL;Hsu, NY;Chiou, HL;Chou, FP;Chu, SC
Contributors:	附設醫院醫研部;Chungtai Inst Hlth Sci & Technol, Dept Food Sci, Taichung 406, Taiwan;Chung Shan Med Univ, Inst Biochem, Taichung 402, Taiwan;China Med Univ Hosp, Dept Med Res, Taichung 404, Taiwan;China Med Univ Hosp, Dept Chest Surg, Taichung 404, Taiwan;Chung Shan Med Univ, Sch Med Technol, Taichung 402, Taiwan
Date:	2005
Issue Date:	2010-09-24 15:01:12 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
Abstract:	Stimulation of the sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG), a parasympathetic ganglion of the facial nerve, or the dorsal facial area (DFA), an area in the lateral tegmental field just dorsal to the facial nucleus, induces an increase in blood now of the common carotid artery (CCA). This study attempted to clarify the anatomical and functional relationships between the SPG and the DFA, and to demonstrate putative serotonergic (5-HT) and substance P (SP) innervations to the neurons of the DFA in regulation of the CCA blood flow in cats. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP), a retrograde tracer, was injected in the SPG. All HRP-labeied neurons were distributed in the reticular areas dorsal and lateral to the superior olivary nucleus and the facial nucleus,. extending from the caudal half of the superior olivary nucleus to the rostral 3/4 of the facial nucleus on the HRP-injected side. They were grouped into five clusters, namely lateral circumference of the superior olivary nucleus, dorsal circumference of the superior olivary nucleus, lateral circumference of the facial nucleus, dorsal circumference of the facial nucleus, and the DFA. The percentage of HRP-neurons in each cluster was 0.5 +/- 0.1% (mean +/- S.E., n=6), 15.2 +/- 1.9%, 23.7 +/- 0.9%, 52.5 +/- 1.7%, and 8.3 +/- 0.7%, respectively. Glutamate stimulation of the DFA (at 5.0 to 7.0 mm rostral to the obex, 2.8 to 4.0 mm lateral to the midline, and 2.5 to 3.5 mm ventral to the dorsal surface of the medulla), but not other areas, resulted in the increased CCA blood flow. The 5HT- and SP-immunoreactive nerve terminals abutted on the ChAT-immunoreactive cell body (preganglionic neurons) in the DFA. In conclusion, parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the DFA project fibers to the SPG, are innervated by 5HT- and SP-like nerve terminals, and are responsible for regulation of the CCA blood flow. They may be also important in regulation of the cerebral blood flow.
Relation:	CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA 354(1月2日):91-99
Appears in Collections:	[China Medical University Hospital] Jurnal articles

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