Activation of imidazoline receptor by agmatine to lower plasma glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

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Title:	Activation of imidazoline receptor by agmatine to lower plasma glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors:	Jou, SB;Liu, IM;Cheng, JT
Contributors:	醫學院醫學系;Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;China Med Univ, Sch Med & Hosp, Dept Neurol, Taichung, Taiwan;Tajen Inst Technol, Dept Pharm, Yen Pou, Ping Tung Shien, Taiwan
Date:	2004
Issue Date:	2010-09-24 14:51:34 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD
Abstract:	To investigate the role of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in pediatric fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) after the launch of universal HBV vaccination, the authors analyzed the data from patients with FHF collected from a nationwide collaborative study group. Children aged 1 month to 15 years who were diagnosed with FHF (62 males and 33 females) between 1985-1999 were included. HBV infection (hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] and/or immunoglobulin M hepatitis B core antibody [IgM anti-HBc] seropositive) accounted for 46% (43 of 95 cases) of all the cases of FHF. The average annual incidence of FHF in the time period 1985-1999 was 0.053/100,000 in the group of patients ages 1-15 years and 1.29/100,000 in those patients age < 1 year. Approximately 61% (58 of 95 cases) of all FHF cases were infants. The percentage of HBV infection was found to be higher in infants (57%) compared with children ages 1-15 years (27%) (P = 0.004). The incidence rate ratio of those patients age < 1 year to those ages 1-15 years was 54.2 for HBV-positive FHF and 15.2 for HBV-negative FHF. Maternal HBsAg was found to be positive in 97% of the infants with HBV-positive FHF, and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) was found to be negative in 84% of these infants. Approximately 74% of all HBV-positive FHF patients and 81% of the infantile HBV-positive patients had been vaccinated. In conclusion, within the first 15 years of universal vaccination, HBV was found to rarely cause FHF in children age >1 year but remained a significant cause of FHF in infants. HBV-positive FHF was prone to develop in infants born to HBeAg-negative, HBsAg-carrier mothers; these infants had not received hepatitis B immunoglobulin according to the vaccination program in place.
Relation:	NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS 358(2):111-114
Appears in Collections:	[School of Medicine] Journal articles

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