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請使用永久網址來引用或連結此文件:
http://ir.cmu.edu.tw/ir/handle/310903500/28891
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| 題名: | The effects of simultaneous exposure to methyl ethyl ketone and toluene on urinary biomarkers of occupational N,N-dimethylformamide exposure |
| 作者: | Chang, HY;Yun, YD;Yu, YC;Shih, TS;Lin, MS;Kuo, HW;Chen, KM |
| 貢獻者: | 公共衛生學院環醫所;Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Coll Med, Tainan 70428, Taiwan;Council Labor Affairs, Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Taipei, Taiwan;Council Labor Affairs, Ctr Dist Labor Inspect Off, Taipei, Taiwan;China Med Univ, Grad Inst Environm Hlth, Taichung, Taiwan |
| 日期: | 2005 |
| 上傳時間: | 2010-09-24 13:59:34 (UTC+8) |
| 出版者: | ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD |
| 摘要: | Objective: Emergency departments (ED) were on the front lines for possible cases of transmission during the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the SARS catastrophe on an urban ED. Methods: The patients' characteristics in an urban ED were collected from March to May 2003 during the SARS outbreak in Taiwan. The crisis period was divided into 2 periods: 30 days before (period 1) and after (period 2) April 21, the date of the first hospital-associated transmission. Problem severity in the ED and stress levels of ED staff during the SARS catastrophe were rated from mild (I point) to severe (5 points). Results: The number of ED patients declined 33.4% in period 2. There was a 2.1% (95%C1, 0.4-3.8) increase in the percentage of male patients, a 2.5% (95% Cl, 1.5-3.7) increase in percentage of fever (> 38degreesC), and a 4.0% (95% Cl, 2.6-5.4%) increase in chief complaint of fever in period 2. The number of nontrauma patients younger than 18 years had declined by 44.5% in period 2. The total charge for reimbursement from an insurance institution declined 21.7%. During the SARS outbreak, the most severe stress experienced by either physicians or nurses occurred during emergency resuscitation (median stress rating point, 4; interquartile range, 1). Conclusion: The SARS catastrophe affected the ED visit volume, finances, various patient characteristics, and stress levels in the ED physicians and nurses. EDs must be fully prepared to face the challenges of the next outbreak of SARS or other infectious disease. |
| 關聯: | TOXICOLOGY LETTERS 155(3):385-395 |
| 顯示於類別: | [環境醫學研究所(已停用)] 期刊論文
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