物質的閃火點已成為國內外物質安全資料表的重要安全資訊之一，但物質安全資料表所提供的資訊只適用於特定濃度的溶液。本研究之主要目的在建立可以預估添加鹽類溶液的閃火點預測模式，並以實驗數據予以佐證。本研究模式的推導以氣液平衡方程式（Vapor-liquid Equilibrium, VLE）與勒沙特列定律（Le Chatelier’s rule）為基本架構所發展出來的。 實驗的部分，儀器為德國Walter Herzog GmbH公司所製造的HFP 362-Tag閃火點測試儀，標準測試方法為美國材料與測試協會的ASTM D56。 利用上述閃火點預測模式與參數，可預測於不同濃度組成下溶液的閃火點，由模式所預測得到的溶液閃火點曲線將與該溶液的實驗數據相比較。本研究以丙酮＋甲醇＋無機鹽溶液與有機水溶液＋無機鹽做為閃火點預測模式的驗證，結果指出利用本研究所提的加鹽類閃火點預測模式可以準確的預測整個組成範圍中溶液的閃火點。在易燃性溶液中加入鹽類後可降低溶液之活性係數，所以可以有效提升溶液的閃火點溫度。 加入鹽類會提升溶液閃火點，其原因為在易燃性溶液中加入鹽類會形成為負偏差溶液，負偏差溶液會抑制溶液的蒸氣壓使溶液不易達到燃燒下限，因此能有效的提升閃火點，研究成果可應用於製程安全設計。; The flash-point specification is one of the major safety data items specified in the typical material safety data sheet, but even those listed in a variety of MSDS sheets are, typically, only valid for a specific compound composition. In this study, a mathematical model which may used for predicting the flash point of a solution with inorganic salt system has been proposed and subsequently verified by experimentally-derived data. In this study, the mathematical model was derived based on the theory of vapor-liquid equilibrium and the theory of Le Chatelier’s rule. The Flash Point Analyzer, HFP 362-Tag, manufactured by Walter Herzog GmbH (Germany) was used to measure the flash point of liquid solutions associated with different compositions as tested. The Flash Point Analyzer is operated according to the standard test method, ASTM D56. The results reveal that this model is able to precisely predict the flash point over the entire composition range of acetone-methanol-inorganic salt system and aqueous-organ solution with inorganic salt system by way of utilizing the flash point data pertaining to the flammable components. The addition of inorganic-salt into a flammable solution is able to reduce the activity coefficient of the liquid solution, such that can increase the flash point of such a solution. Addition of inorganic salt into the flammable solutions would form a solution which is negative deviation from ideal solution, such that increase the flash point of flammable solutions. Such a result can be applied in the process safety design/operation.
