| 摘要: | 摘要 本研究之目的在於探討老榮民自覺健康狀況、憂鬱狀態及生活品質間之相關性。本研究設計是屬於橫斷性研究，採方便取樣，個案來源為台中市眷村社區老榮民，共收集有效問卷100份。研究工具為結構式問卷，內容包括人口學特性、自覺健康狀況量表、美國流行病學研究中心憂鬱量表及世界衛生組織生活品質問卷台灣簡明版等四個部分。研究資料以SPSS for Windows 10.0套裝軟體進行次數分佈、平均值、標準差、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關及逐步複迴歸分析。研究結果顯示： （1）、自覺健康狀況會因年齡、教育程度、退伍軍階、經濟狀況及慢性病數目之不同，而出現統計上顯著差異。 （2）、憂鬱症之有無，會因退伍軍階及經濟狀況之不同，而出現統計上顯著差異。 （3）、老榮民生活品質中生理健康範疇之得分，會因年齡、退伍軍階、經濟狀況及慢性病數目之不同，而出現統計上顯著差異。 （4）、老榮民生活品質中心理範疇之得分，會因年齡、退伍軍階、婚姻狀況、居住狀況及經濟狀況之不同，而出現統計上顯著差異。 （5）、老榮民生活品質中社會關係範疇之得分，會因教育程度、退伍軍階、婚姻狀況、居住狀況及經濟狀況之不同，而出現統計上顯著差異。 （6）、老榮民生活品質中環境範疇之得分，會因年齡、退伍軍階、宗教信仰、經濟狀況及慢性病數目之不同，而出現統計上顯著差異。 （7）、自覺健康狀況與憂鬱狀態呈現負相關，憂鬱狀態與生活品質中四個範疇均呈負相關，自覺健康狀況與生活品質中四個範疇則均呈正相關。 （8）、以逐步複迴歸分析，結果發現生活品質之生理健康範疇最顯著的預測變項為「自覺健康狀況」、「環境範疇」及「慢性病數目」，共可以解釋依變項61.7﹪的變異量。心理範疇最顯著的預測變項為「社會關係範疇」、「憂鬱狀態」、「環境範疇」及「自覺健康狀況」，共可以解釋依變項73.7﹪的變異量。社會關係範疇最顯著的預測變項為「心理範疇」及「環境範疇」，共可以解釋依變項61.5﹪的變異量。環境範疇最顯著的預測變項為「心理範疇」、「生理健康範疇」、「社會關係範疇」、「退伍軍階」及「年齡」，共可以解釋依變項64.8﹪的變異量。 本研究結果，可以幫助護理人員了解老榮民自覺健康狀況、憂鬱狀態及生活品質之相關性，並可作為教學、研究與臨床照護計畫擬訂之參考，以提升老榮民之生活品質。 關鍵字：老榮民、自覺健康狀況、憂鬱狀態、生活品質; Abstract The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships among perceived health status, depression, and quality of life in the older veterans. This study adopted cross-sectional research design. Convenience sampling was used to collect data from 100 older veterans who lived in the veteran community. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, which included demographic data sheet, perceived health status scale, center for epidemiologic studies depression scale, and the world health organization quality of life- bref Taiwan version. Data were analyzed by using SPSS/Windows 10.0 statistical software. The statistical methods included frequency distribution, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. The findings of this study were as followed: （1）、Age, educational level, retired military grade, economic status, and the numbers of chronic illness had statistically significant differences in perceived health status. （2）、Retired military grade and economic status had statistically significant differences in depression. （3）、Age, retired military grade, economic status, and the numbers of chronic illness had statistically significant differences in the physical domain of quality of life. （4）、Age, retired military grade, marital status, living arrangements, and economic status had statistically significant differences in the psychological domain of quality of life. （5）、Educational level, retired military grade, marital status, living arrangements, and economic status had statistically significant differences in the social relationship domain of quality of life. （6）、Age, retired military grade, religious belief, economic status, and the numbers of chronic illness had statistically significant differences between environmental domain of quality of life. （7）、Perceived health status was significantly negatively correlated with depression; depression was significantly negatively correlated with all four domains of quality of life; perceived health status was significantly positively correlated with all four domains of quality of life. （8）、Stepwise regressions showed that perceived health status, environmental domain, and the numbers of chronic illness were the significant predictors of the physical domain of quality of life, and accounted for 61.7% of the variance. Social relationship domain, depression, environmental domain, and perceived health status were the significant predictors of the psychological domain of quality of life, and accounted for 73.7% of the variance. Psychological domain and environmental domain were the significant predictors of the social relationship domain of quality of life, and explained 61.5% of the |
