毒性藥材之研究：一、朱砂之本草考察及重金屬含量研究 二、斑蝥之本草考察及對大鼠萊氏細胞睪丸酮含量研究

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Title:	毒性藥材之研究：一、朱砂之本草考察及重金屬含量研究二、斑蝥之本草考察及對大鼠萊氏細胞睪丸酮含量研究
Authors:	胡景銘;HU CHING-MING
Contributors:	中國醫藥學院中國藥學研究所
Keywords:	毒性藥材;朱砂;斑蝥;本草;重金屬含量;睪丸酮含量;TOXICITY;CINNABAR;MYLABRIS;PENTSAOLOGY;heavy metal;testosterone
Date:	1991
Issue Date:	2009-12-03 09:37:41 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	未水飛丹砂及分別經球磨法、高速粉碎法及人工研磨法等三種水飛炮製後之丹砂，分別測定其鉛、銅、鎘、鋅、砷、硒等六種重金屬，有機汞、硫化汞結合態之汞、其他無機汞及總汞量。結果表明，就其鉛、銅、鎘、鋅、砷、硒等六種重金屬含量而言，有的隨水洗次數而有增減之趨勢，但由於共存礦物、賦存狀態、不均一等等因素，雖水飛多次，重金屬雜質含量，仍然具有相當的量。另就其硫化汞結合態之汞含量觀之，並未因水飛炮製而有顯著提高之趨勢。至於去除重金屬含量，顯然水飛法最好，其次為多次研磨並水洗，最後為研磨後多次水洗(球磨法、高速粉碎法)。以硫化汞試劑，原礦丹砂與水飛後之丹砂分別進行單一劑量之口服急性毒性試驗。以囓齒動物之大鼠與小鼠為試驗動物，試驗結果依毒性之分級，硫化汞、原礦丹砂及經水飛10次之丹砂等三類，其LD50 均超過50g/Kg，且試驗過程中未出現毒性之徵狀，經剖視試驗動物及實驗結束後實驗動物之剖視，亦未發現體內器官之外觀有異常的徵狀或病灶。因此，應可列為無急性毒性。結果表明10 ng/ml的斑蝥素在基礎分泌狀態及oLH和cAMP的刺激反應下，阻止萊氏細胞產生睪酮。這意味著斑蝥素的攝取減少睪酮從睪丸分泌且此作用與post-cAMP機制有關。且Mylabris可能透過減少睪酮產生而損壞性功能。; In this study we detected the contents of Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn, As and Se in the different preparations of Cinnabar by AA and the LD50 and toxicity syndromes of the rats and mice after oral administration of HgS,Cinnabar and the three preparation of Cinnabar. The contents of Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn, As and Se in the different preparations of Cinnabar had no significant difference.The content of Hg conjugated with HgS did not elevate in the different preparations of Cinnabar.They also were not detected the contents of organic and inorganic Hg.The distribution level of pure Hg in the different preparations of Cinnabar was ranged from 95.3% to 99.9%. The oral LD50 of HgS,Cinnabar and the three preparation of Cinnabar were over than 15g/kg.The rats and mice after oral administration of HgS, Cinnabar and the three preparation of Cinnabar were also not observed any toxicity syndromes in the liver, kidney, lung and heart.Therefore, the Cinnabar and the three types of water suspension of Cinnabar could be belonged to the non-acute toxicity drugs. Mylabris, the dried insect of Chinese blister beetle, is a notorious insect because it contains a natural toxin, cantharidin, a defensive chemical that is reported to possess aphrodisiac and abortifacient properties in human. In this study we attempt to verify the action of cantharidin on the testosterone production from rat dispersed Leydig cells in vitro.Leydig cells obtained from testes of Wistar rats were treated with oLH, cAMP, and cantharidin by using in vitro culture system. The results showed that cantharidin with 10 ng/ml is able to inhibit the testosterone production from rat Leydig cells at basal secretion and in response to the oLH and cAMP stimulations. It is implied that ingestion of cantharidin decreases testosterone secretion from testes and such action involves a post-cAMP mechanism.
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