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    題名: 假性狂犬病毒DNA結合蛋白質參與病毒基因體複製及重組角色之探討;Study on the Roles of Pseudorabies Virus DNA-binding Protein in Viral Replication and Recombination
    作者: 盛瑋芸;WeiYun Sheng
    貢獻者: 中國醫藥學院醫學研究所
    關鍵詞: 假性狂犬病毒;DNA結合蛋白質;功能區;同源性DNA配對;解雙股螺旋;重組;Pseudorabies Virus;DNA-binding Protein (DBP);functional doamin;homologous pairing;helix-unwinding;recombinaction
    日期: 1990
    上傳時間: 2009-12-03 09:26:37 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 假性狂犬病毒(pseudorabies virus;PRV)又稱豬?疹病毒一型(suid herpesvirus 1),與人類單純?疹病毒(herpes simplex virus type 1;HSV-1)同屬?疹病毒科(Herpesviridae)、阿爾伐?疹病毒亞科(Alphaherpesvirinae)。阿爾伐?疹病毒的基因種類、轉錄調節的方式、基因排列的位置及病毒DNA的複製機制都非常相似,目前已有七種早期基因被證實與病毒基因體的複製有關,其表現的蛋白質分別為origin-binding protein(UL9)、helicase-primase complex(UL5/UL8/UL52)、DNA polymerase(UL30)、DNA polymerase 輔助蛋白質(UL42)與DNA-binding protein(UL29)等,其中DNA-binding protein(DBP)已被證實在病毒感染後扮演重要的角色。PRV DBP目前被證實其基因產物具有結合單股及雙股DNA的能力,且較偏好單股DNA的受質。為了解PRV DBP之功能與結構的關係,我們利用一系列的PRV DBP缺損株(N端缺損與C端缺損株),分別以瓊脂糖膠體電泳移動試驗(agarose shift assay)、硝基纖維濾紙結合試驗(nitrocellulose filter binding assay)與EMSA(electrophoretic mobility-shift assay)分析得知單股DNA結合區位於第872~972胺基酸序列上,而1~200胺基酸序列可能與穩定DNA-DBP複合體有關。以化學法修飾PRV DBP上的離胺酸(lysine)或色胺酸(tryptophan),結果發現離胺酸被修飾後其結合DNA的能力下降90﹪。將PRV DBP與其他?疹病毒之DBP進行胺基酸序列比對,位於DNA結合區之Lys970具有完全保留性,因此我們認為Lys970可能為PRV DBP負責與單股DNA結合的重要胺基酸。 由於?疹病毒重組頻率高達74﹪,造成基因體的不穩定,對病毒疫苗及載體之開發與應用造成困難。為了解?疹病毒的重組機制,我們推測早期基因中唯一具有單股DNA結合能力的DBP可能扮演PRV基因體重組之重組蛋白?的角色,故進一步分析PRV DBP是否具有重組蛋白?之同源性DNA配對(homologous pairing)及解雙股螺旋(helix unwinding)功能。首先我們以同源性DNA配對試驗證明PRV DBP具有同源性DNA配對功能,並隨著DBP濃度的增加而增加,其反應條件在80 mM NaCl、20 mM MgCl2及pH 7~7.8的環境中為最佳,且此反應不需ATP。接著利用一系列的缺損株分析得知同源性DNA配對功能區位於201~383與973~1177胺基酸。在解雙股螺旋試驗方面,證明PRV DBP也具有解雙股螺旋的功能,並隨著DBP濃度而增加,其反應在NaCl存在下會被抑制,而MgCl2理想濃度為20 mM,過高則會抑制,且此反應也不需ATP,接著利用一系列的缺損株定出解雙股螺旋功能區位於1~200胺基酸序列上。由以上之功能分析發現PRV DBP擁有同源性DNA配對及解雙股螺旋等重組蛋白?所具備之功能,這些結果也顯示PRV DBP可能參與?疹病毒基因體之重組。 PRV DBP擁有重組蛋白?所具備之功能,而PRV鹼性去氧核醣核酸水解?(alkaline DNase)在Hsiang等的研究中,證實具有內切?、3'→5'及5'→3'外切?的功能、雙股及單股DNA結合能力,因此認為DNase與大腸桿菌RecBCD pathway的RecBCD重組蛋白有相似之功能,而可能參與PRV基因體的重組。因此我們進一步進行PRV DBP與DNase相互關係之研究,以探討PRV可能的重組模式。首先我們進行DBP對DNase行為上的影響,在DNase切割的行為模式上,發現DBP會促進DNase外切?的功能,穩定DNase的活性,但對內切?影響較小。在DNase移動模式上,DBP會使DNase由processive變成nonprocessive的移動模式,可能因此增進重組的機率。接著我們利用ELISA、biotinylated-ELISA與免疫沉澱法也分別證明DNase與DBP之間並無明顯的直接交互作用。但若將失去DNA結合能力的DBP與DNase反應,反而會造成DNase的DNA水解能力下降,故認為DNA在DBP與DNase之交互作用中扮演重要的角色,而DBP與DNase可能參與重組的機制也進一步被探討。; Pseudorabies virus (PRV), also designated suid herpesvirus 1(SHV-1), is a member of Alphaherpesvirinae. The structure of genome, regulation of gene expression, and mechanism of replication are similar among alphaherpesviruses. Seven alphaherpesviral proteins are so far involved in viral DNA replication, including origin-binding protein (UL9), helicase-primase complex (UL5/UL8/UL52), DNA polymerase (UL30), DNA polymerase accessory protein (UL42), and DNA-binding protein (UL29; DBP). PRV DBP has been demonstrated to bind cooperatively and preferentially to single-strand DNA with no significant base preference. To analyze the structural and functional relationship of PRV DBP, a set of clones truncated at the N-terminus or C-terminus of PRV DBP was constructed. The deleted mutants were expressed in E. coli and purified to homogeneity. The DNA-binding ability of deleted mutants was analyzed by agarose shift assay, nitrocellulose filter binding assay, and electrophoretic mobility-shift assay. The region spanning residues 872 to 972 dominated the DNA-binding ability, while the amino-terminal 200 residues were involved in stabilizing the DBP/DNA complex. We further modified the lysine and tryptophan residues by acetic anhydride and N-bromosuccinimide, respectively. The DNA-binding ability of PRV DBP was lost by acetic anhydride treatment, suggested that lysine residues played an important role in DNA binding. Sequence alignment of herpesviral DBPs revealed that Lys970, located at DNA-binding domain (872~972) of PRV DBP, was well conserved. To test whether Lys970 plays an essential role in DNA binding of PRV DBP, the site-directed mutagenesis is in progress. During herpesvirus replication, high frequency of intergenomic and intragenomic recombinations is demonstrated. This phenomenon may affect the application of attenuated herpesvirus for vaccine and gene therapy vectors. To analyze the mechanism of herpesviral recombination, the recombinase activity of PRV DBP was evaluated by homologous-pairing and helix-un
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