氮氧化物（NOX）主要來源是機動車輛及火力發電廠、石化燃料等的燃燒，二氧化氮（NO2）是因NOX的光化學反應所形成，而人體在長期暴露此類物質下，易引發呼吸系統疾病。環保署及環保局在各地雖設有監測站測量空氣污染物濃度，目的為評估空氣品質，並未以居民的實際暴露濃度為目的。本研究的目的是調查台中縣沙鹿地區居民的氮氧化物及二氧化氮濃度值與環境的相關性，期望能建立未來氮氧化物及二氧化氮與呼吸系統疾病關係的研究基礎。 本研究於1999年10月?2000年9月進行採樣，研究樣本共分為實驗組與對照組兩組樣本群，以台中縣沙鹿沿海地區的三所國中-龍井國中、大道國中、沙鹿國中為實驗組，靠近山區的國中-神岡國中為對照組，各國中每次隨機選取12位學生，分別以Ogawa Sampler進行24小時個人暴露監測與居家環境室內、室外的暴露監測，及進行問卷調查，樣本以545nm可見光/紫外光分光光度計檢測，其檢量線線性相關係數均大於0.995，再現性分析之變異係數均小於5﹪，最低偵測極限可至0.0062ug/ml。 研究結果顯示，四所國中的二氧化氮濃度分佈，個人、室內、室外NO2平均濃度值分別為36、40、41 ppb，而氮氧化物的平均濃度值在個人、室內、室外方面分別為65、66、63 ppb， 個人的與室內、室外的一氧化氮平均濃度值是29、26、23 ppb。比較各區學生的二氧化氮濃度，又以大道國中42?48 ppb為最高；以迴歸的統計分析個人、室內、室外的氮氧化物、二氧化氮濃度之間的相關，個人與室內、個人與室外是呈顯著相關（p<0.05）。以多變項統計分析室內的氮氧化物及二氧化氮濃度值與抽煙、烹調能源的種類是有顯著差異（p<0.05）。而有抽菸家庭與非抽菸家庭的室內二氧化氮平均濃度值差異不大。室內通風狀況、活動類別及污染來源以卡方檢定分析，結果為顯著相關（p<0.05）， 另以迴歸分析此三項目與室內二氧化氮濃度之關係均有顯著相關（p<0.05）。以季節區分，在1月、3月、5月氮氧化物及二氧化氮平均濃度是呈現高的趨勢。 根據研究發現，台中縣沙鹿地區居民氮氧化物與二氧化氮的濃度值會因環境的不同條件而有所差異。此研究的調查結果將可提供與呼吸系統疾病的相關性做參考。; The purpose of the study is to assess the relationship of the concentration of NOx and NO2 and the population in Taichung, Salu area. In the future, we hope these data would be the foundation of the research on NOx and NO2 related or induced respiratory system illness. The NOx and NO2 concentration were measured from October 1999 to September 2000. Samples were carried by students who were 13- or 14-year-old from four junior high schools. Twelve students were randomly selected from each school with a total of 48 students. The 24 hours NOx and NO2 levels were monitored to each person by Ogawa sampler, which was carried by the person, put inside and outside of the house. These participants also filled out questionnaires. These data were analyzed by a 545nm ultraviolet spectrophotometer. The relative linear correlation was greater than 0.995. The reproducible showed the coefficient of variation was smaller than five percent. The lowest level should be 0.0062ug/ml. The results showed that a person who was exposured to NO2 had a average level of 36 ppb, 40 ppb indoor and 41 ppb outdoor. For NOx, a person would have an average level of 65 ppb, 66 ppb indoor and 63 ppb outdoor. The NO concentration was 29, 26 and 23 ppb, respectively. Regression models were calculated to estimate the relationship between personal-indoor and personal-outdoor. The data presents the correlation was highly significant (p<0.01). The differences of the indoor NO2 levels between smoking, gas-cooking were highly significant（p<0.05）. Analyzing the result with Chi-square test, it showed that ventilation of the room, activity characters and sources of pollution were significantly related（p<0.05）. Moreover, when using regression model to analyze the relationship between those three items and indoor NO2 level, the result also represented they were highly related（p<0.05）. When being exposed to different kinds of environment, people will receive different NOx and NO2 concentrations. This investigation could contribute to research on respiratory system illness.
