空氣中二手菸環境暴露及生物偵測之研究; Study on the Environmental and Biological Monitoring of Airborne Environmental Tobacco Smoking (ETS) Exposure

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题名:	空氣中二手菸環境暴露及生物偵測之研究;Study on the Environmental and Biological Monitoring of Airborne Environmental Tobacco Smoking (ETS) Exposure
作者:	楊日昇;Yang Jih-Sheng
贡献者:	中國醫藥學院環境醫學研究所
关键词:	尼古丁;可丁寧;二手菸;尿液;nicotine;cotinine;Environmental tobacco smoking (ETS);urine
日期:	1999
上传时间:	2009-11-30
摘要:	本研究是測試空氣中尼古丁及尿液中可丁寧之採樣及分析方法，以空氣中尼古丁濃度及其體內代謝物可丁寧濃度作為二手菸暴露的生物指標。針對中部地區民眾經常出入之圖書館、醫院、電影院、酒吧、撞球場、遊樂場及證券交易所等公共場所，利用XAD-4採樣管及氣相層析儀-氮磷偵測器進行空氣中尼古丁濃度之採樣及分析，並評估個人24小時中週遭環境中尼古丁之暴露量；在可丁寧的分析方面，隨意選擇27位抽煙者、39位非抽菸但有暴露二手菸者及28位非抽菸亦無暴露者，分別比較高效率液相層析儀、氣相層析儀-氮磷偵測器及競爭性酵素聯結免疫吸附分析法分析尿中可丁寧濃度之再現性、相關性及偵測極限，以瞭解各種可丁寧分析方法的適用性。結果顯示中部地區公共場所中以酒吧室內空氣中尼古丁濃度最高為0.597mg/m3，而圖書館、電影院及醫院知空氣中尼古丁濃度皆低於偵測極限。以氣相層析儀-氮磷偵測器分析尿中可丁寧的濃度，在抽煙者、非抽菸但有暴露二手菸者及非抽菸亦無暴露者分別為3054.61、46.03及27.90 ng/ml，若以競爭性酵素聯結免疫吸附分析法所得的結果則為2784.65、27.93及16.16 ng/ml，用高效率液相層析儀分析抽煙者尿中可丁寧濃度為3055.17 ng/ml，其他非抽煙者的濃度則低於此分析方法之偵測極限。且以此三種分析方法同時分析尿中可丁寧濃度其相關係數均達0.92以上。因此，空氣中尼古丁濃度及其體內代謝物可丁寧濃度可作為二手菸暴露的生物指標，利用XAD-4採樣管採集空氣中尼古丁及使用氣相層析儀-氮磷偵測器分析尿中可丁寧濃度均可作為二手菸暴露之採樣及分析方法。; The objective of this study is to establish the sampling and analysis methods of nicotine vapor and cotinine in urine. Nicotine and its metabolism, cotinine, was used to exposure indicators of environmental tobacco smoking (ETS). XAD-4 sorbent, used to collect the airborne nicotine concentration, assessed the exposure level of second-hand smoking in the public areas including library, hospital, cinema, pub, billiards, amusement park, stock exchange. 24 hours exposure to ETS was measured and cotinine levels of urine sample were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC), gas chromatographic with a nitrogen phosphorus detector (GC-NPD) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in order to understand their correlation and detective limit. The result showed that the nicotine concentration in the library, hospital cinema and the lobby of the stock exchange is lowers the detective limit of instrument. However, the nicotine concentration was found to be 0.597 mg/m3 in pub area. The urinary cotinine concentration of active smokers, passive smokes and non-smokers were respectively 3054.61, 46.03 and 27.90 ng/ml using GC-NPD method. The results were consistent with using the ELISA and HPLC method and urinary cotinine level were highly correlated among three methods. We concluded that XAD-4 sorbent was used to collect airborne nicotine levels and urinary cotinine was used to assess the exposure to ETS.
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