鉛作業勞工的血鉛值與ALAD基因型間的關係 -以SCE作為指標-; The association between blood lead levels and δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydrase (ALAD) genotype in lead workers

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Title:	鉛作業勞工的血鉛值與ALAD基因型間的關係 -以SCE作為指標-;The association between blood lead levels and δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydrase (ALAD) genotype in lead workers
Authors:	張寶文;CHANG PAO-WEN
Contributors:	中國醫藥學院環境醫學研究所
Keywords:	血中鉛;鋅原紫質;姊妹染色分體交換;ALAD;blood lead level;ZPP;SCE;ALAD
Date:	1999
Issue Date:	2009-11-30
Abstract:	本研究是要探討鉛勞工之血中鉛、鋅原紫質（ZPP）濃度與ALAD基因型間的相關性，及分析血中鉛與鋅原紫質濃度是否會影響姊妹染色分體交換（SCEs）頻率。研究對象以中部某鉛蓄電池工廠之員工，包含現場作業鉛勞工（高暴露組）26名，同廠行政工作員工（低暴露組）31名，對照組選擇同地區以年齡、性別、抽煙等變項進行配對取樣之30名健康者，同時在研究進行之初即進行問卷資料訪查。結果顯示高暴露組的平均血中鉛濃度為28.4ug/dl，ZPP之平均濃度為102.8ug/dl。而低暴露組血中鉛平均濃度10.4 ug/dl，ZPP之平均濃度37.0 ug/dl，各別與對照組（血中鉛濃度4.2 ug/dl ，ZPP濃度為19.4ug/dl）比較，均達統計上的顯著差異。另外，由t-test檢定比較分析三組間的ALAD1-1及ALAD1-2基因型，發現與血中鉛值、ZPP值、血色素質和基因型間沒有相關性。另一方面，在姊妹染色分體交換（SCEs）頻率的分析，高暴露組為6.2 SCEs/Cell，低暴露組為5.4 SCEs/Cell各別與對照組5.2 SCEs /Cell比較，發現只有高暴露組的SCE平均值明顯高於對照組，具有統計上的差異（p<0.01），但低暴露組的SCEs則與對照組類似，無統計上差異。在高、低暴露組與對照組之抽煙者的SCEs均高於未抽煙者，達統計上顯著差異（p<0.05）。就工作年資而言，工作年資超過（含）15年的高暴露組其SCEs值明顯高於工作年資低於15年者（p<0.01）。在高姊妹染色分體交換頻率細胞(HFC)的分析，以抽煙習慣變項進行不分層分析顯示高暴露組HFC的比率為53.9％比對照組10.0％高，其相對危險性(OR)為10.5。而低暴露組HFC的比率為16.1％比對照組10.0％高，其OR值為1.7。以抽煙習慣進行分層分析，在高暴露組HFC的比率為80.0％比對照組18.2％高，其OR值為18。而非抽煙者之HFC的比率為47.6％比對照組5.3％高，其OR值為16.3。以多變項回歸分析，顯示SCEs值會隨著暴露狀況、抽煙習慣及血中鉛值的增加而遞增的趨勢，而工作年資、ALAD基因型和ZPP值則無影響。結論為血中鉛及ZPP值在三組間呈現劑量反應效應。當血中鉛值增加，SCEs頻率也會隨之增加。有抽煙習慣的鉛勞工，在體內可能會產生協同作用，而造成SCEs頻率的增加。但ALAD基因型不會影響血中鉛值與ZPP值。; This report studied the relationship between blood lead levels and aminolevulinic acid dehydras (ALAD) genotype in lead workers, and to study the effect of blood lead levels and Zinc proporphyrin (ZPP) on sister chromatid exchange (SCE). Twenty six workers were randomly selected from lead battery storage company in central Taiwan as high exposure group while thirty one office workers in the same company were selected as low exposure group. Thirty people from nearby population were selected as controls. Precau- tion was taken to select the control subjects so that ratio-matched to that of the lead exposure group in term of gender, age and smoking habit. Results of this study show that the blood levels of lead were 28.4, 10.4, and 4.2 μg/dl for high exposure, low exposure and control groups (p<0.001), respectively. High exposure group also had a significantly (p<0.01) higher SCEs (6.2/cell) than controls (5.2/cell). Similarly, High exposure group had a significantly (p<0.001) higher ZPP (102.7μg/dl) than controls (19.4μg/dl). However, there was no statistical difference between ALAD2 and ALAD1 genotype in blood lead levels and ZPP (p<0.05). Analysis of variance of all three groups show that smoking habit significantly increase frequency of SCEs. Lenght of exposure to lead significantly affects the frequency of SCEs. Workers who were exposed to lead for more than 15 years had significantly higher (p<0.05) than those who worked less than 15 years. These results demonstrate that lead battery storage workers had high- er blood levels of lead and is directly related to the blood ZPP consistence. Increased blood level of lead also increase the frequency of SCEs. Smok- ing also enhanced the effect of lead on the frequency of SCEs. However, ALAD genotype is not related to the blood levels of lead.
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