天麻之生藥鑑定、成分分析與降血壓作用研究; Pharmacognostic Identification, Chemical Analysis and Antihypertensive Effect of Gastrodiae Rhizoma

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题名:	天麻之生藥鑑定、成分分析與降血壓作用研究;Pharmacognostic Identification, Chemical Analysis and Antihypertensive Effect of Gastrodiae Rhizoma
作者:	黃順爵;Huang Shun-Chieh
贡献者:	中國醫藥學院中國藥學研究所
关键词:	天麻;學習與記憶;降血壓作用;高效液相層析;Gastrodiae Rhizoma;learning and memory;antihypertensive effect;HPLC
日期:	1999
上传时间:	2009-11-26 12:00:18 (UTC+8)
摘要:	天麻( Gastrodia elata BLUME)植物塊莖之甲醇粗抽物經不同極性溶媒進行分劃，乙酸乙酯層、正丁醇層(25 mg/kg) 對於scopolamine 誘發之明室滯留時間縮短現象，具顯著之延長作用。乙酸乙酯層分離所得到的p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol及正丁醇層分離所得到的gastrodin均已證明具有上述活性作用。經由降血壓試驗，以門脈高血壓大白鼠動物模式進行急性試驗，其乙酸乙酯層具有顯著降血壓作用( > -30% )，由平均動脈壓(MAP)測量，顯示有劑量依存關係。天麻藥材之組織切片、粉末顯微鏡檢之細胞組織特性能提供正確鑑定方法，防止天麻偽品藥材流通，保障用藥安全。本研究將天麻分離所得之天麻素(gastrodin)及天麻?元(p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol)經純化後，其純度已達衛生署所訂98.5%之標準。以此做為指標成分對照標準品，進行對台灣市售品天麻與配伍有天麻五個常用方劑；天麻鉤藤飲、半夏白朮天麻湯、小兒驚風藥第一、第三及第四方中指標成分之含量測定，完成簡便易行的高效液相層析分析方法，適合做為天麻產品定量之用，達到品管之目的。; Tianma ,Gastrodiae Rhizoma ,is the dry tuber of Gastrodia elata BLUME(Orchidaceae). It is said to aid in expelling all kinds of toxins from the body, to enhance strength and virility ,to improve circulation and memory. In the past study, the result of screening the effect of ten antiaging Chinese herbs found Gastrodiae Rhizoma prolonged the step-through latency induced by scopolamine. This result revealed that Gastrodiae Rhizoma could improve the learning and memory in rats. The experiment of blood pressure test was measured by portal hypertensive animal model in rats. The results showed the ethylacetate layer exhibited antihypertensive effect with dose dependence. Two constituents of Gastrodiae Rhizoma, p-hydroxylbenzyl alcohol and gastrodin were successfully isolated and purified to fit the specification set up by National Laboratories of Foods and Drugs, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Republic of China for assay of indicative constituents of Chinese herbs and Chinese medical prescriptions. In this research the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for assaying the indicative constituents of p-hydroxylbenzyl alcohol and gastrodin from Gastrodiae Rhizoma(commercial crude drug), and for investigating the contents of Tianma containing Chinese medical prescriptions. The gastrodin contents in G. elata samples varied each other, because they were cultivated in different areas and harvested in different seasons. The turnover rates of these constituents were defined as the percentage yields of these constituents in Chinese medical prescriptions, and were calculate on the basis of their contents in the respective crude herbs. With the information obtained, we have established the facile and practical assay methods for the quality control and routine analysis of these Chinese medical prescription.
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