Marginal bone loss around a dental implant is a crucial problem that may lead to implant failure. Biomechanics has been considered one of the most important factors associated with the marginal bone loss. Both overuse microdamage and disuse atrophy can result in marginal bone resorption overwhelming the formation. Following the bone loss, the inflammatory resorption may be exaggerated by organism infections due to the sequential pocket formation at the implant-bone interface. It was assumed, in this study, that the progressively marginal bone loss is a result of a continuously overloading phenomena. Firstly, we must demonstrated that “overloading status” was existed at the dental implant model by comparing bone stress with a natural tooth model. Two dimensional finite element implant models under different degrees of simulated bone loss were analyzed. The stress pattern in the alveolar crest surrounding the implant was compared among the various implant models. The stresses, as expected, were concentrated at the cortical bone near the cervices of the implant with dominant compressive and tensile components in bone and implant, respectively. The results indicated that the maximum stress in bone around the implant was about 5 times higher than that around the natural tooth. It appeared that the biomechanical nature of a dental implant is prone to the development of an overloaded cortical shell. Furthermore, The worse was the bone loss progressed, the severe did the compression stress occur at the implant alveolar crest. It was concluded that as soon as an initial bone resorption occurs, the remaining implant-bone structure became susceptible to overuse damage, which can yield progressive marginal bone loss.
關聯:
80th General Session of the International and American Associati
