Human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8) may be the cause agent of Kaposi’s sarcoma, primary effusion lymphomas and multicentric Castleman disease. Seroprevalence of HHV-8 varied from 13% to 65% of HIV-infected patients in worldwide countries. However, seroprevalence and risk factor of HHV-8 in HIV-infected patients remain undefined in Taiwan. The purpose of this study was to compare seroprevalence of HHV-8 among HIV-infected patients, diabetic patients, and general individuals in Taiwan using recombinant ORF66 and ORFK12 antigen-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and western blotting. The results showed that ELISA screening indicated seroprevalence was 61.93% in HIV-infected patients, 36.21% in diabetic patients, and 10% in general population. In addition, western blotting conformed that seroprevalence of HIV-infected patients(41.95%) were higher than those of diabetic patients(26.76%) and general population(9%). A significant decrease of HHV-8 seroprevalence was observed in intravenous drug users compared to sexual contact persons using adjusted logistic regression model( aOR=0.11, 95% CI 0.05–0.28, p
