活體器官捐贈倫理、法律及社會問題之研究

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Title:	活體器官捐贈倫理、法律及社會問題之研究
Authors:	龍紀萱(Chi-Hsuan Lung);陳世堅(Chen,Shih Chien)
Contributors:	公共衛生學院醫務管理學系;中國附醫社會工作室
Keywords:	器官移植;活體器官捐贈;倫理;organ transplantation;vital organ donation;ethics
Date:	2009-02-28
Issue Date:	2009-09-01 15:14:04 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	由於國人器官捐贈觀念尚不普及，面對目前佔國內等待器官捐贈居九成的等待腎臟移植者有6仟多位的情況，如何提升活體器官之捐贈率，成為推動改善國人健康及醫療發展的重要方向。雖然我國於人體器官移植條例中對於活體捐贈亦有完善之法律規範，惟在社會價值變遷及健康保險制度變革的大環境下，移植醫學倫理問題的複雜性與日俱增，引起醫療界與社會大眾積極的關注，故需針對活體捐贈相關倫理、法律及社會問題予以研究探討，並檢視我國社會與民情，評估改革方案之可行性，以建置未來之最適制度與環境。本研究考量研究目的，將分別採用質性及量化之研究方法。研究將首先針對活體器官捐贈倫理、法律及社會問題進行國內外文獻資料之收集分析研究。然後根據文獻研究結果設計「活體器官移植現況及需求問卷」，分別針對北、中、南各50位之相關器官移植醫療人員進行「活體器官移植現況及需求問卷調查」，深入了解我國活體器官移植之現況及需求。然後，對於評估變更活體器官捐贈親等限制部份，本研究將邀北、中、南各10位之相關領域專家進行三場次之焦點團體訪談，蒐集對於變更活體器官捐贈親等限制之看法及建議。最後本研究將整合分析國內外文獻、活體器官移植現況需求問卷及活體器官捐贈親等限制焦點團體內容完成報告。 We are facing a critical situation as more than 6000 patients within kidney transplantation waiting list which occupy 90﹪organ donation waiting list ,this situation is due to the concept of organ donation still unpopularity with most people as yet in Taiwan, therefore, raising vital organ donation rates turn to a important direction of improving people health as well as promoting medical development. Although now the legislation standards are sufficient under Human Organ Transplant Ordinance about vital organ donation law in Taiwan, since the complication of transplantation medical ethics problem increasingly, that does effect a noticeable concerned for both medical and population, in this study, we aim at vital organ donation related ethical problem and legislation as well as social problem with society and culture survey, and try to assess the possibility of reform project in order to establish a suitable system and environment in our country. Regard to the research purpose, conducting with qualitative method and quantification research method, this study aim to vital organ donation about ethics, law and social problem with documents and data analysis first, which collecting from domestic and foreign, thus, in order to deeply understand the present situation and demand of vital organ transplantation, we will design a “vital organ transplantation present situation and demand questionnaire” and practicing this questionnaire within related organ transplantation medical experts among north region, middle region, south region, each region have50 persons（total 150 persons）after research analysis result. In vital organ donation prohibited degrees of consanguinity issue , for gathering opinion and suggestion about vital organ donation prohibited degrees of consanguinity, this study also conducted with three focus group within related medical experts whom are among north region, middle region, south region, and each region have 10 persons（total 30 persons）, this study will integrate with those contents which include domestic and foreign related documents and data analysis, “vital organ transplantation present situation and demand questionnaire” and vital organ donation prohibited degrees of consanguinity focus group in research findings .
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