人口老化及少子化是已開發國家面對的問題，台灣需參考其他國家有關人口政策的經驗，作為有效施政之依據，例如：德國—計畫在全國各地廣建托兒所、已將退休年齡由目前的65歲提高到67歲；日本 —落實嬰幼兒醫療促進健康、加強懷孕與生產者完善的醫療資源、加強不孕症治療醫療體系等；法國—獎勵生育政策；芬蘭—公共運動制度；香港—優質產前和產後醫療護理和諮詢服務。參考他國人口相關衛生行政措經驗有兩點值得注意：1.先進國家少子女化及人口老化相關政策經驗對台灣之適用性及2.可行性評估分析。世界各國為解決不同的人口問題，都會採取不同的因應政策。因此，瞭解國內外人口結構及政治環境的不同乃是參考先進國家人口相關政策經驗進而規劃國內人口政策相關衛生行政配套措施之重要一環。本計劃之研究方法將分為兩部分。第一部分主要為整合型文獻研究(Integrative Research Review)，其方法為從過去有關國外人口政策之個別文獻(包含論文及書籍等)獲得人口政策上之建議，以作為導向下一階段之準備。第二部分之研究方法由評估研究法(Evaluation Research)所構成，利用政策分析(Policy Analysis)中之政策評估(Policy Evaluation)，作為台灣人口政策規劃時提出備選方案(Policy Alternatives)之參考。本計劃將產生之成果為經過可行性分析(Feasibility Analysis)之人口政策相關衛生行政配套措施。
The trends towards aging population and fewer children are the issues that industrialized countries are facing. Taiwan needs to refer to the experiences of demographic policy from other countries and utilizes them as the basis of effective administration. For example, German planed to establish more nurseries nationwide and extend the retirement age from 65 to 67; Japan intent to advance health promotion for infant and child, strengthen the medical resources for pregnancy, delivery, and infertility; France encouraged procreation; Finland advanced public physical exercise systems; Hong Kong designed the quality health care and consultation services for before and after delivery medical needs. Two points need to be highlighted when referring the population-related administrative experiences from other countries: 1. The adaptation of those population-related administrative experiences from developed countries. 2. Feasibility analysis. Every country in the world uses different solutions in coping with different demographic issues. Therefore, understanding the demographic and political differences between Taiwan and other nations is a critical step in utilizing the population-related administrative experiences from other countries. The methods of the present proposal contain two parts. The first part, a preparation for the second part, is mainly an integrative research review, concluding individual demography related document to obtain the recommendation for demographic policy. The second one consists of evaluation research, which will utilize policy evaluation of policy analysis in order to propose policy alternatives for demographic policy in Taiwan. The output of this proposal will generate the demography-related supplementary measure for health administration through feasibility analysis.
