| 摘要: | 【背景與目的】相較於其他明顯動作協調能力缺失之族群，發展協調障礙兒童之盛行率明顯高出甚多。然而過去我國關於發展協調障礙兒童之研究一直缺乏一個完整的評估系統及本土化的評估工具，以致評量兒童動作協調能力之結果仍缺乏一致性。有鑑於此，本篇研究旨在建立具備我國常模之兒童動作協調能力本土化工具，並且探討此測驗工具之信效度。【方法】本研究隨機取樣篩檢我國1365名年齡分布於9-12足歲之學童，用於評估的國外工具為Movement ABC動作測驗，至於我國部份之測驗工具則擬建立台灣動作評估測驗，並將使用Movement ABC動作測驗所檢測之結果與本研究所欲建立之台灣動作協調能力測驗進行一連串之信度與效度分析，以取得最重要的評量測驗項目當成我國未來台灣動作評估測驗之檢測項目與建立此測驗工具之我國常模。【結果】根據Movement ABC台灣常模所定義，國內9-12歲國小學童發展協調障礙之盛行率為6.3%，進一步與台灣動作評估測驗進行同時效度之比較，本測驗工具對於發展協調障礙兒童之鑑別力為82.7%且敏感度與專一度分別為0.384與0.976。台灣動作協調能力測驗內部一致性高達0.727-0.747，整體測驗再測信度則介於0.404-0.888之間。根據因素分析之結果，本測驗工具可歸納為四個主要面向，分別為球類操控、視覺動作整合、精細動作、與平衡控制。台灣動作評估測驗除了內聚效度較不理想之外，所探討之信度與效度均在可接受之範圍內。【結論】本研究建構之台灣動作協調能力測驗具有客觀的信度與效度分析以及本土常模對照，未來將可廣泛應用於評量我國學童之動作協調能力，以及發展協調障礙兒童之診斷，經由確認兒童之動作協調問題並予以介入訓練，將可使兒童在協調能力上有所進步。
【Background & Purpose】 The prevalence of children with development coordination disorder (DCD) is much higher than other disabled group with obvious motor coordination impairments. However, there was no consensus on the causal factors or on the management programs of children with DCD, because there did not have a systemic evaluation instruments and the local norms in Taiwan. Therefore, the aims of this study were to develop the Taiwan Movement Assessment (TMA) test, a systemic evaluation instrument with the validity, reliability and the Taiwan norms for identifying DCD children through analyzing their motor coordination performances. 【Methods】 The Movement ABC test and the TMA test were used to evaluate 1365 children whom aged were from 9 to 12. In order to establish the main testing items for the TMA test, the results of the Movement ABC test and the TMA test were compared to establish a series of reliability and validity. The local norms of the TMA test were also set up in this study.【Results】According to the Taiwan norm of the Movement ABC test, the prevalence of DCD aged 9 to 12 was 6.3% in Taiwan. This result was also compared with the TMA test to establish the concurrent validity that discrimination ability was 82.7% and that sensitivity and specificity were 0.75 and 0.623, respectively. In addition, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of the TMA test were 0.727-0.747 indicating a strong internal consistency, and the ICC values of test-retest reliability was 0.404-0.888. Through the use of factor analysis, the result revealed that the TMA test could be divided into four dimensions: Ball Control domain, Visual Motor Integration domain, Fine Motor domain, and Balance Control domain. Except the poor convergence validity, the other reliability and validity of the TMA test were considered as acceptable levels. 【Conclusion】 The TMA test has objective reliability, validity and the Taiwan norm. It may be widely applied to asses the motor coordination of the children in Taiwan and to diagnose children with DCD. Thus, DCD children can be intervened or treated appropriately. Consequently, DCD children would be trained to improve their motor coordination ability. |
