合成皮業勞工健康風險評估與管理-子計畫:合成皮業勞工尿中代謝物生物偵測方法開發研究

CMUR > College of Public Health > Department and Graduate of Occupational Safety and Health > Research reports > Item 310903500/11024

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Title:	合成皮業勞工健康風險評估與管理-子計畫:合成皮業勞工尿中代謝物生物偵測方法開發研究
Authors:	王文忻(Wang,Ven-Shing)
Contributors:	公共衛生學院職業安全與衛生學系
Keywords:	二甲基甲醯胺;浸透;溶解度參數;Dimethylformamide;Permeation;ASTM F739;Solubility parameter
Date:	2006-07-31
Issue Date:	2009-09-01 14:59:56 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	合成皮工廠配料調色過程中，一般常使用之化學物質包括二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)、甲苯、乙酸乙酯、丙酮及丁酮等混合物，其中DMF 使用量最多且文獻發現其易經由皮膚吸收。化學混合物浸透聚合物防護手套時，會發生內在交互作用；因此，其浸透速率及破出時間將不同於單一化學物。相關文獻尚未針對DMF混合物使用之防護手套，進行重複浸透試驗及數學模擬，或延伸至暴露評估之應用。研究發現有機溶劑之穩定浸透速率與辛醇比(LogKow)呈現負相關，而破出時間與LogKow 呈現正相關。當有機溶劑與防護手套之溶解度參數差值(Δδ)越小，根據相似互溶原理(like dissolved like)會產生較大的穩定浸透速率。而有機溶劑混合之後，其浸透行為主要受到極性影響，當混合物個別極性差異甚大時，更容易產生交互作用導致共溶劑效應 (co-solvent effect)，使得LogKow 較大的溶劑之破出時間提早，而LogKow 較小的溶劑則破出時間延後。本研究發現，MEK與DMF 混合之後，其浸透性符合溶解度參數(solubility parameter)理論。重複浸透5 天之實驗，在用水清洗及40℃與70℃加熱等保養潔淨方法中，DMF 及MEK 之浸透性較第一天未有顯著增加。防護手套用水清洗後，其DMF浸透性較其他去污方法為低；而MEK 之浸透性在不同去污方法之間，未發現有統計上顯著差異。但是單純用水清洗之後，DMF 及MEK 之破出時間明顯下降，而其他潔淨方法與初始破出時間無太大差異；破出時間提早，將增加勞工暴露化學物質危害之風險。綜合DMF 及MEK 之浸透性與破出時間變化，40℃加熱之去污方法，比單純用水清洗手套，較能達到防護之目的。其中以40℃加熱10 小時，為本研究之最佳去污方法。 The majority of workers with a potential for skin contact by hazardous materials are protected by utilizing chemically resistant clothing or gloves. A large fraction of experimental work has been focus on the permeation of a chemical from a neat challenge liquid. Many of the liquids to which workers may be exposed, however, are mixture chemicals rather than single component in composition. At present there are no generally applicable correlations for predicting the permeation properties of mixture chemicals from the results of tests with single component liquids. Permeation of organic solvents mixtures was effect by their polarity, especially when the difference between the individual polarities was large, co-solvent effect 3 easily happened. And the bigger LogKow values of organic solvent, the earlier BT; the lower LogKow values of organic solvent, the longer BT. In the repeat used study, After using 70 @10H decontamination method, .degree.C for the long time and high temperature, the material of sample was seen to change end of the test was due to cumulative mass and JS increase gradually, and the exposure risk maybe raise. Results showed that JS of the washing decontamination methods was non-significant with the others; the 70.degree.C @2H, 40.degree.C @2H and 40.degree.C @10H decontamination method were significant statistically, P values were 0.019 and 0.008, and Js of 40.degree.C @10H decontamination method was decrease gradually; BT of the washing decontamination method was 24.03+-2.76 min was under then the others was 38.61+-5.58 min, P<0.001.
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