空氣污染物對國小學童氣喘之健康風險評估

中國醫藥大學機構典藏 China Medical University Repository, Taiwan > 公共衛生學院 > 環境醫學研究所(已停用) > 研究計畫 > Item 310903500/11019

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題名:	空氣污染物對國小學童氣喘之健康風險評估
作者:	宋鴻樟(Fung-Chang Sung)
貢獻者:	公共衛生學院環境醫學研究所
關鍵詞:	氣喘;盛行狀況;病例對照研究;交通流量;氧化性傷害;鼻病毒（HRV）;8-OHdG;asthma prevalence, case-control study, traffic density, human rhinovirus,8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine
日期:	2007-12-31
上傳時間:	2009-09-01 14:59:48 (UTC+8)
摘要:	由於全球快速工業化與環境污染的日趨普遍，與環境因子相關的健康影響也受到公共衛生領域的重視。造成氣喘盛行率上升的因素是多重性的，無法以單一因子之變化來解釋。因此，欲解釋氣喘盛行率上升之情形必須由基因與環境因子、過敏原之變化、生活型態改變以及微生物的感染等複雜的交互作用去探討。而氣喘相關研究中指出空氣污染惡化亦為造成學童氣喘盛行率上升之原因，且已知氣喘族群氧化性壓力較高，因此分析不同空氣污染物、氧化性傷害與鼻病毒（Human Rhinovirus, HRV）和基因型對學童氣喘之相關度，為釐清學童氣喘惡化主因及後續改善與控制所必須之研究。本研究計畫以台北市流量的高低，作為空氣品質的依據，選定參與研究的學校國小學童進行問卷訪視，並且利用氣喘篩檢問卷，選擇病例及對照組之研究對象，分別收集研究對像之鼻腔樣本、尿液，分析HRV與尿中生物效應DNA損害之8-OHdG（8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine）濃度，並採集學生口腔細胞樣本，分析ICAM1與GSTP1基因型。研究結果將比較病例組與對照組的環境暴露因子與HRV暴露，分別對於生物指標與交通流量之影響。並且配合整合計畫各子計畫環境採樣資料，進一步分析氣喘與相關環境指標和基因型之關係。上年度的氣喘盛行調查已完成4952份問卷，發現盛行率比過去的調查更高，男孩17.7%和女孩11.5%，同時發現氣喘學生的HRV感染陽性率比正常學生高，我們也發現酸性氣膠含量和交通流量有劑量效應相關，第二年計畫將完成病例對照研究。研究目的： 1. 調查不同交通流量台北市國小學童之氣喘盛行狀況、其他過敏疾病、氧化性傷害與HRV暴露之現況。 2. 利用病例對照研究探討HRV暴露與8-OHdG之環境暴露狀況、氣喘發生和HRV及氧化性傷害三者之關係，並與其他子計畫空氣污染暴露資料進行整合分析，觀察個別及交互作用。 3. 釐清氣喘相關因子及基因型和國小學童氣喘之相關，建立國小學童呼吸道疾病健康狀況及相關危險因子之資料庫。 The remarkable worldwide increase in childhood asthma prevalence in recent years is one of the public health concerns, thought being partly associated with the growth of industry and environmental pollution. Various other risk factors have been investigated, including genetic, allergic characteristics, lifestyle, and infection, and their interaction effects. Among studies, air pollution has been of importance associated with the increase in the childhood prevalence, including the association with oxidative status. Automobiles and other vehicles are the major sources of urban air pollution in Taiwan, particularly in Taipei metropolitan area. Our hypothesis is that childhood may have association with traffic exhaust which students expose to at the school area. This proposed study will investigate the prevalence of asthma among elementary school children in Taipei by conducting a survey among schools selected based on the traffic density of the school area. We will use ISSAC questionnaire to identify children with asthma history in the past 12 months, followed by a case-control study consisting of 500 children each group. To our knowledge, there are very limited studies investigating the association between oxidative status and childhood asthma. This study is proposed to use 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) generated from DNA damage due to the exposure to air pollutants as the indicator of oxidative damage associated with traffic exposure and domestic exposure as well. Urinary 8-OHdG will be measured for cases and control to represent the level of oxidative damage. Subgroups consisting of 50 cases and 50 controls will be randomly selected from the case-control pool for the examination of Human Rhinovirus (HRV) infection in year one. In year two, we will also study the association between asthma and ICAM1 and GSTP1 genes. Other air pollutants measured by other subprojects also will be used in the data analysis for this case-control study to determine whether 8-OHdG an appropriate indicator. The aims of this study are: 1. To investigate the prevalence of childhood asthma. 2. To measure HRV exposure and urinary 8-OHdG levels for students. 3. To measure the relationship between childhood asthma, gene and traffic density near the school, oxidative damage, HRV infection, and pollutants measure by other subprojects We have completed 4952 questionnaires in year one survey. We found a higher prevalence rates in this study for both boys (17.7%) and girls (11.5%) than that in previous surveys. The HRV infection rate was higher in children with asthma. We also found a dose-response association between traffic density and the level of acid aerosol in the air samples. We will complete the case-control study to identify the factors associated with asthma. This study is expected to determine the present prevalence of asthma among elementary school children in Taipei and established data on the risk factors associated with childhood respiratory health.
顯示於類別:	[環境醫學研究所(已停用)] 研究計畫

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