| 摘要: | 在台灣及中國的靜脈毒癮病患族群間爆發愛滋病流行的分子流行病學研究中發現, 特殊的基因重組亞型CRF07_BC 取代了原本數量較多的B 亞型病毒,成為主要流行亞型,且病毒仍繼續產生基因重組中。為了研究此型病毒取代B 亞型病毒的原因及其是否仍在基因重組中，本計畫目的瞭解不同亞型愛滋病病毒的傳染動態。希望透過收集靜脈毒癮者身上不同時間點之病毒株,分析其基因亞型及演化及基因重組速度,並研究宿主的HLA 基因型,以瞭解為何一些特殊的重組病毒株較易在某些特定族群中傳染開來,並深入研究不同病毒亞型間的差異。因此本計畫希望研究來自2007-2009 年間中國醫藥大學附設醫院及北港分部之門診以及中南部地區之監所之愛滋病毒感染者，每四個月收集其血液檢體。以病患之愛滋病毒的基因序列配合其HLA 基因型分子演化學調查分析，並與GenBank 基因庫之愛滋病毒株作比較及合併分析。基因序列分析則包括病毒基因亞型、傳染及演化動態分析，再進一步利用溯祖理論（coalescent theory），追蹤愛滋病毒重組速率，及監控不同亞型間病毒演化變動的歷史。本研究有助於我們瞭解特殊HIV 亞型的動態及族群變動。而愛滋病病毒亞型（基因序列）的分析，對於疫苗的發展、抗藥性的診斷、危險因子的分析等三方面有很大的助益。
Although numerous viruses infect humans, the specific dissemination of HIV-1 in humans over the past 4 decades represents the most catastrophic example of genome transmission, emergence, propagation, and expansion. The interaction between hosts and their infecting pathogens has been likened to a 「molecular arms race,」 and in this particular competition, our lentiviral opponent appears able to run very fast indeed. To date, very little is known about the transmission and evolution dynamics of non-B subtype. Because, most of the research were study in US and Europe. In our preliminary result, the CRF07_BC virus among IDUs in middle of Taiwan had a little difference with the virus in other place. And, there still have a little subtype B and CRF01_AE among this group. But, we still have no evidence to know these different subtypes of virus transmission and evolution dynamics among IDUs. There still luck the evidence to support CRF07_BC have fast transmission than subtype B. We also have no clue to prove there have subtype-specific host response or the virus still recombinant continually. The objectives of this study would understand the subtype-specific pattern in HIV-1 transmission and evolution dynamics. And, investigate the evolution and recombination of HIV-1 non-B subtype by using the coalescent theory. Finally, we will determine the subtype-specific host response. We will collect blood samples of the HIV-1 outpatient from China medical University Hospital and the prisons. The data will also combine with the information of GenBank. The genetic analysis will include the recombinant analysis and virus evolution investigation. The recombination population dynamics would also analysis by using coalescent theory. This study would provide very important information for the vaccine development, diagnosis of drug resistance and prevention work for HIV-1 epidemic. |
